{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T01:48:42Z","timestamp":1792374522390,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":159,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,20]],"date-time":"2020-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Zingiber officinale<\/jats:italic>\n                    Rosc. (Zingiberacae), commonly known as ginger, is a perennial and herbaceous plant with long cultivation history. Ginger rhizome is one of the most popular food spices with unique pungent flavor and is prescribed as a well\u2010known traditional Chinese herbal medicine. To date, over 160 constituents, including volatile oil, gingerol analogues, diarylheptanoids, phenylalkanoids, sulfonates, steroids, and monoterpenoid glycosides compounds, have been isolated and identified from ginger. Increasing evidence has revealed that ginger possesses a broad range of biological activities, especially gastrointestinal\u2010protective, anti\u2010cancer, and obesity\u2010preventive effects. In addition, gingerol analogues such as 6\u2010gingerol and 6\u2010shogaol can be rapidly eliminated in the serum and detected as glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. Structural variation would be useful to improve the metabolic characteristics and bioactivities of lead compounds derived from ginger. Furthermore, some clinical trials have indicated that ginger can be consumed for attenuating nausea and vomiting during early pregnancy; however, there is not sufficient data available to rule out its potential toxicity, which should be monitored especially over longer periods. This review provides an up\u2010to\u2010date understanding of the scientific evidence on the development of ginger and its active compounds as health beneficial agents in future clinical trials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T01:27:49Z","timestamp":1600651669000},"page":"711-742","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":242,"title":["Ginger (\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Zingiber officinale<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Rosc.) and its bioactive components are potential resources for health beneficial agents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Mengmeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shujun","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Medical School Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0511-9564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7496-8469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunjie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511006635"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13765-012-0011-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","first-page":"123","article-title":"Effect of major nutrients on yield of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe.) intercropped in coconut garden. Journal of Spice and Aromatic","volume":"10","author":"Ajithkumar K.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crops"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2012.0264"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Effect of 6\u2010shogaol and 6\u2010gingerol on diclofenac sodium induced liver injury","volume":"11","author":"Alqasoumi S.","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","first-page":"1548","article-title":"Ameliorative effect of 10\u2010gingerol on drug induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats","volume":"6","author":"Alqasoumi S. I.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","volume-title":"China medical science and technology press","author":"Anonymous","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","volume-title":"People's medical publishing house","author":"Anonymous","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","volume-title":"China medical science and technology press","author":"Anonymous","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","first-page":"281","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of [6]\u2010shogaol, a pungent ingredient of Zingiber officinale Roscoe. Journal of Natural","volume":"64","author":"Asami A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","first-page":"1879","article-title":"Conjugation of 9\u2010deoxy\u2010delta 9, delta 12(E)\u2010prostaglandin D2 with intracellular glutathione and enhancement of its antiproliferative activity by glutathione depletion","volume":"50","author":"Atsmon J.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0250-474X.78521"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408391003698669"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of aswagandha, ginger and mulberry on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia","volume":"58","author":"Bordia A.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plant Foods Human Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i48.13466"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0367-326X(00)00215-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules14030959"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2010.490917"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1934578X1100600624"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-011-0505-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2018.1488702"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200600261"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.39.1612"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/EJMP\/2014\/6884"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf202544w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phanu.2016.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2017.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","first-page":"6019","article-title":"6\u2010Gingerol alleviates exaggerated vasoconstriction in diabetic rat aorta through direct vasodilation and nitric oxide generation","volume":"9","author":"Ghareib S. A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Design Development and Therapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms11114539"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-005-2957-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2005.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398209527343"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","first-page":"189","article-title":"Ginger: Chemistry, technology, and quality evaluation: Part 2","volume":"17","author":"Govindarajan V. S.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Food Science Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2017.1333994"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","first-page":"226","article-title":"Ginger protects the liver against the toxic effects of xenobiotic compounds: Preclinical observations","volume":"3","author":"Haniadka R.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition Food Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.7.6.523"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-012-1331-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-012-0211-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(02)00618-0"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Ameliorating effect of Zingiber officinale (ginger) hydroethanolic extract on scopolamine\u2010induced memory impairment in adult male rats","volume":"2","author":"Hosseini A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Advanced Herbal Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2014.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf2052515"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.100851"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.07.079"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.340.254"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ginger and 6\u2010shogaol protect intestinal tight junction and enteric dopaminergic neurons against 1\u2010methyl\u20104\u2010phenyl 1,2,3,6\u2010tetrahydropyridine in mice","volume":"19","author":"Huh E.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutritional Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Anti\u2010diabetic and anti\u2010oxidant effects of Zingiber officinale on alloxan\u2010induced and insulin\u2010resistant diabetic male rats","volume":"26","author":"Iranloye B. O.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.06.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11418-010-0463-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-0491"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.2140"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.2858"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.638"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2015.4405"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Ameliorating effect of ginger extract (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) on liver marker enzymes, lipid profile in aluminium chloride induced male rats","volume":"7","author":"Kalaiselvi A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5561"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(96)00214-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.39.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(87)90159-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3732\/ajb.89.10.1682"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2010.505689"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2011.576396"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.25100"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.03.095"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2017.1367779"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2007.0817"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10600-013-0633-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_71_1","first-page":"1812","article-title":"Isolation and identification of gingerols constituents from Zingiber officinale Rosce","volume":"52","author":"Li Y.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2017.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18433\/J34G7P"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23020315"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2014.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/326096"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2014.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1328262"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf303879b"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9024034","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9024034","article-title":"6\u2010Gingerol activates PI3K\/Akt and inhibits apoptosis to attenuate myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"9963","author":"Lv X. W.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Evidence\u2010Based Complementary Alternative Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2004.03.007"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_83_1","first-page":"769","article-title":"Effect of seed rhizome size and plant spacing on growth, yield and quality of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) under coconut cropping system","volume":"15","author":"Mahender B.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Archives"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.122"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2013.865590"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2015.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.04.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(01)01552-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2016.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.06.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(01)01551-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.40.1295"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_93_1","first-page":"219","article-title":"Angiogenesis and cancer prevention: A vision, recent results","volume":"174","author":"Noonan D. M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2016.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm200662c"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10600-015-1438-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002170050517"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_98_1","first-page":"121","article-title":"The effects of aqueous extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on blood glucose and lipid profile in cholesterol\u2010fed male diabetic albino Wistar rats","volume":"6","author":"Ozoemena M. S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Pharm Tech Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_99_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Leaf and rhizoma oil composition of Zingiber officinale Roscoe and their antibacterial and antioxidant activities","volume":"6","author":"Padalia R. C.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Traditional Medicines"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_100_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Non\u2010volatile pungent compounds isolated from Zingiber officinale and their action mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"Pan D. B.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food and Function"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2013.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-14-408"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2011.12.028"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_104_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Chemical constituents of Zingiber officinale (Zingiberaceae)","volume":"29","author":"Peng W. X.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Botanica Yunnanica"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf062235l"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.22778"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00649-5"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_108_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Application of metabonomics in early diagnosisof diseases","volume":"3","author":"Qiao L.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of International Translational Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2423"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200600117"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.5567"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6383"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-011-1236-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11626-014-9806-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-13-0420"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.12456"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.6642"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_118_1","first-page":"279","article-title":"Hepatoprotective potential of aqueous extract of Zingiber officinale leaves using CCl4 induced model","volume":"26","author":"Saurabh M.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oriental Journal of Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf990674x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2010.07.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2016.1277347"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(98)00053-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(97)00054-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jcim-2014-0021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600711025"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_13_126_1","first-page":"846","article-title":"A randomized comparison of ginger and vitamin B6 in the treatment of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy","volume":"86","author":"Sripramote M.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(96)00273-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb1978.7.836"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201700139"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.12191"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np070114p"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.4976"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2012.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.09.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-13-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.04.107"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_137_1","first-page":"577","article-title":"Ginger for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: Randomized, double\u2010masked, placebo\u2010controlled trial","volume":"97","author":"Vutyavanich T.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X15500767"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.169"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_140_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Protective effects of ginger against aspirin\u2010induced gastric ulcers in rats","volume":"54","author":"Wang Z. H.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Yonago Acta Medica"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18010168"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.05.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00340-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201000108"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0004-8666.2003.00039.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.06.032"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_13_147_1","first-page":"1616","article-title":"Study on the chemical constituents of Zingiber officinale","volume":"39","author":"Xuan W. D.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chinese Traditional Herb Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_148_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Effect of dates of planting on growth, yield and quality of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)","volume":"23","author":"Yadav A. R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.38.430"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.4632"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-14-174"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2012.134"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-011-9286-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.7b00095"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2017.02.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.09.145"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2011.04.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-2934"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-008-0528-8"}],"container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ptr.6858","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ptr.6858","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ptr.6858","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T02:25:09Z","timestamp":1723602309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ptr.6858"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,20]]},"references-count":159,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ptr.6858"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ptr.6858","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0951-418X","1099-1573"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-418X","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1573","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-12-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}