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Chemical treatments have irreversible side effect and therefore the aim of this study is to evaluate the medicinal plants used for treatment of cognitive impairments and neurodegenerative diseases associated with diabetes in 2004\u20132020 period. Electronic databases used were PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane library. The keywords used were \u201cdiabetes,\u201d \u201cplant,\u201d \u201cherb,\u201d \u201cneurodegenerative,\u201d \u201cneurodegeneration,\u201d \u201ccognitive,\u201d \u201ccognition,\u201d \u201cAlzheimer,\u201d \u201cdementia.\u201d The non\u2010English articles, repetitive articles and review studies were excluded. From total of 3,590 results, 58 articles are included in the study. The results show that many chemical treatments considered for this disease simply control hyperglycemia, but cannot improve the complications of diabetes. Herbal medicine could be more effective due to the high antioxidant activity of some medicinal plants. Biologically active substances of medicinal plants can improve the neurological disorders caused by diabetes via several pathways. The most important pathway is related to antioxidant properties. Other pathways include antiinflammatory, anti\u2010apoptotic, neurotoxicity inhibition, neuronal death, increasing the uptake of glucose by cells and improve neurotransmitters levels involved in learning and memory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]],"date-time":"2020-10-20T15:40:15Z","timestamp":1603208415000},"page":"1697-1718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Medicinal plants for diabetes associated neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review of preclinical studies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Hosna","family":"Khazaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirko","family":"Pesce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences University G. d'Annunzio Chieti Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4222-8583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonia","family":"Patruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences University G. d'Annunzio Chieti Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6476-5438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ina Y.","family":"Aneva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7081-6521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad H.","family":"Farzaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"An assessment of gender involvement in crop production: A case of Kola production in Osun state, Nigeria","volume":"4","author":"Adebiyi S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Sustainable Crop Production"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2014.937504"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.12292"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"3949\u20103951","article-title":"Effect of aqueous extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa and Zingiber officinale on blood cholesterol and glucose levels of rats","volume":"7","author":"Agoreyo F.","year":"2008","journal-title":"African Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Jiawei Shengmai san herbal formula ameliorates diabetic associate cognitive decline by modulating AKT and CREB in rats","author":"Ahmed A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phytotherapy Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"163","article-title":"The protective effect of polyphenol\u2010rich extract of Syzygium cumini leaves on cholinesterase and brain antioxidant status in alloxan\u2010induced diabetic rats","volume":"11","author":"Ajiboye B. 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