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Nanotechnology offers transformative solutions, with plant\u2010derived exosomes (EXOs) emerging as promising green nanomaterials for personalized cancer therapy because of their biocompatibility and minimal antigenicity, and eco\u2010friendly production. This review discusses the potential of plant EXOs in cancer treatment, covering isolation methods, advantages over mammalian EXOs (e.g., stability, cost\u2010effectiveness, and evasion of drug resistance mechanisms), and preclinical applications. For instance, ginger EXOs suppress colorectal cancer via cytokine modulation, grapefruit EXOs target brain tumors, and lemon EXOs induce apoptosis in triple\u2010negative breast cancer. Plant EXOs also enhance drug delivery when loaded with chemotherapeutics, nucleic acids, or immunomodulators, improving precision and reducing off\u2010target effects. Despite their promise, challenges remain in scalability, purity, long\u2010term safety for non\u2010oral routes, and clinical translation. Future research must optimize isolation techniques, clarify molecular mechanisms, and validate pharmacokinetics to advance clinical adoption. This review offers a complete examination of plant EXOs, including biogenesis, characterization, engineering strategies, anti\u2010cancer mechanisms (e.g., apoptosis induction, immune modulation), and therapeutic applications. It also addresses hurdles like standardization and regulatory gaps while advocating interdisciplinary collaboration to bridge lab\u2010to\u2010clinic gaps. By harnessing plant EXOs' potential, this work highlights a path toward sustainable, targeted cancer therapies, urging further innovation to overcome existing barriers and realize their full clinical impact.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.70040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T03:40:44Z","timestamp":1756179644000},"page":"4566-4614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["From Plants to Patients: Advancing Cancer Therapy With Bioengineered Exosomes and <scp>AI<\/scp>\u2010Driven Innovations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Gamal A.","family":"Atia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry Suez Canal University  Ismailia 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