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Oroxylin A (OroA), a bioactive flavonoid from\n                    <jats:italic>Scutellaria<\/jats:italic>\n                    roots, shows protective effects against cardiovascular diseases and cancers. This study explores whether OroA inhibits neointima formation caused by vascular injury and investigates the mechanisms involved. Models of carotid artery ligation and guide wire\u2010induced injury were used to study vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switching and neointima formation. Glycolytic activity and oxidative phosphorylation were evaluated using extracellular acidification rates and oxygen consumption rates, respectively. Western blot and quantitative real\u2010time PCR were utilized to measure the expression of contractile and proliferative markers, glycolytic enzymes, and intracellular signaling pathways. For rescue experiments, an adenovirus encapsulated in pluronic gel was used to overexpress HIF\u20101\u03b1 in injured vascular tissue. OroA effectively inhibited VSMC phenotypic switching and neointima formation by suppressing vascular injury\u2010induced glycolytic reprogramming. Mechanistically, the vascular injury\u2010induced upregulation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)\u2013hypoxia\u2010inducible factor\u20101\u03b1 (HIF\u20101\u03b1) signaling increases the aerobic glycolysis of VSMCs. OroA attenuated mTORC1\u2013HIF\u20101\u03b1 signaling\u2010mediated aerobic glycolysis by preventing the phosphorylation of tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) at serine 939. Notably, the overexpression of HIF\u20101\u03b1 reversed the inhibitory effects of OroA on VSMC phenotypic switching and neointima formation. This study suggests that OroA mitigates neointima formation by inhibiting the TSC2\/mTORC1\/HIF\u20101\u03b1\u2010dependent glycolysis pathway, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent for vascular occlusive diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.70145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T22:24:54Z","timestamp":1768170294000},"page":"907-923","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Oroxylin A Suppresses Pathological Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switching and Neointima Formation Through Hindering\n                    <scp>TSC2<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>mTORC1<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>HIF<\/scp>\n                    \u20101\u2010Dependent Glycolysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Kaixiang","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Pathology People\u2019s Hospital of Jiangxi Province  Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingchuan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runfa","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou 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