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In recent years, microglia have been shown to interact with T cells, astrocytes, and other immune cells to form a complex immune microenvironment, which plays a damaging or protective role on neurons during the pathological process of AD. Herein, we review the interactions between microglia and other immune cells in the pathogenesis of AD and explore the potential of natural compounds as multi\u2010targeted therapeutic strategies: (1) Balancing glial cell polarization status and ameliorating neuroinflammation by inhibiting core neuroinflammatory pathways such as NF\u2010\u03baB (nuclear factor kappa\u2010B), MAPK, and NLRP3 inflammasome; (2) modulating the gut flora\u2010brain axis function to inhibit central inflammation indirectly; (3) multi\u2010targeted interventions for core AD pathology, including amyloid\u2010beta (A\u03b2) clearance, tau phosphorylation, and synaptic plasticity. However, natural compounds still face clinical translation bottlenecks such as low bioavailability and poor blood\u2013brain barrier permeability. Current studies have shown that nanocarrier systems and combination therapy strategies hold promise for addressing existing bottlenecks. However, systematic validation is still required for their clinical translation. This review systematically summarizes progress in the treatment of AD by regulating microglia and other immune cell interactions using natural compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.70249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T13:49:43Z","timestamp":1770040183000},"page":"1837-1861","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Advances in Immune Cell Interactions and Natural Compounds Therapeutic Strategies in Alzheimer's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Shuo","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine  Changchun China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linyi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College 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