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However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To further investigate this, granulosa cells (GCs) derived from PCOS patients, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)\u2010treated human granulosa cells (KGN), LPS\u2010induced chronic inflammation mouse models, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)\u2010induced PCOS mouse models were treated with RES. The expression of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)\u20106, IL\u20101\u03b2, chemoattractant protein\u20101 (MCP\u20101), and cyclooxygenase\u20102 (COX2), as well as absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), was examined. Additionally, ovarian morphological changes in these mouse models were assessed using hematoxylin\u2013eosin (HE) staining. The results showed that the expression of these inflammatory cytokines and AIM2 increased significantly in GCs derived from PCOS patients and LPS\u2010induced KGN cells, as well as in the ovaries of LPS\u2010induced chronic inflammation and DHEA\u2010induced PCOS mouse models. Furthermore, blocking AIM2 in LPS\u2010treated KGN cells and mice with LPS\u2010induced inflammation or PCOS significantly reduced the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines, similar to the results observed following RES treatment. In addition, LPS\u2010induced phosphorylation of the JAK2\/STAT3 pathway in KGN cells was completely abolished by RES treatment. Notably, LPS\u2010induced upregulation of AIM2 and these inflammatory cytokines was completely reversed by blocking the JAK2\/STAT3 pathway using AZD\u20101480 and SH\u20104\u201054, respectively. Further in\u00a0vivo studies showed that ovarian morphological and estrous cycle disturbances in DHEA\u2010induced PCOS mouse models were effectively ameliorated by RES and A151. In conclusion, RES alleviates chronic inflammation in PCOS by inhibiting AIM2 via blocking the JAK2\/STAT3 pathway. Our findings suggest that the targeted inhibition of AIM2 could represent a novel therapeutic approach for PCOS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.70374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T14:34:56Z","timestamp":1778596496000},"page":"4571-4587","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Resveratrol Alleviates Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Inhibiting Absent in Melanoma 2 Expression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Qianjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Hubei Clinical Research Center for Assisted Fertility and Embryo Development  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety\u2010State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1257-6483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety\u2010State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology; 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Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Precision Animal Breeding  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhua","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety\u2010State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Precision Animal Breeding  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3286-0772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Hubei Clinical Research Center for Assisted Fertility and Embryo Development  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiacai","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7027-7166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enfeng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter C. 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