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However, the mechanism of its action remains elusive and the direct target proteins of ISO have not been identified so far. Through cell\u2010based screening, we identified ISO as a potent lipid\u2010lowering compound. ISO treatment successfully ameliorated fatty acid\u2010induced cellular lipid accumulation and improved nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by increasing PPAR\u03b1\u2010dependent lipid oxidation and decreasing SREBPs\u2010dependent lipid synthesis. Both these signaling required the activation of SIRT1. Knockdown of SIRT1 resulted in the reversal of ISO beneficiary effects suggesting that the lipid\u2010lowering activity of ISO was regulated by SIRT1 expression. To identify the direct target of ISO, limited proteolysis combined with mass spectrometry (LiP\u2010SMap) strategy was applied and IQGAP2 was identified as the direct target for ISO in regulating lipid homeostasis. In the presence of ISO, both mRNA and protein levels of SIRT1 were increased; however, this effect was abolished by blocking IQGAP2 expression using siRNA. To explore how IQGAP2 regulated the expression level of SIRT1, proteome profiler human phospho\u2010kinase array kit was used to reveal possible phosphorylated kinases and signaling nodes that ISO affected. We found that through phosphorylation of CREB, ISO transduced signals from IQGAP2 to upregulate SIRT1 expression. Thus, we not only demonstrated the molecular basis of ISO in regulating lipid metabolism but also exhibited for the first time a novel IQGAP2\u2010CREB\u2010SIRT1 axis in treating NAFLD\/NASH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T21:53:34Z","timestamp":1618610014000},"page":"3898-3915","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Administration of isoliquiritigenin prevents nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through a novel <scp>IQGAP2\u2010CREB\u2010SIRT1<\/scp> axis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases China Pharmaceutical University  Nanjing 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