{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T15:19:31Z","timestamp":1776525571563,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) was first occurred in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread all over the world with cardiovascular, renal, and pulmonary symptoms. Therefore, recognizing and treating the cardiovascular sign and symptoms that caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) can be effective in reducing patient mortality. To control the COVID\u201019\u2010related cardiovascular symptoms, natural products are considered one of the promising choices as complementary medicine. Scientists are struggling to discover new antiviral agents specific to this virus. In this review, the natural products for management of cardiovascular symptoms of COVID\u201019 are categorized into three groups: (a) natural products with an impact on angiotensin II type 1 receptor; (b) natural products that inhibit angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme activity; and (c) natural products that mimic adenosine activity. All these natural products should undergo clinical investigations to test their efficacy, safety, and toxicity in the treatment of cardiovascular symptoms of COVID\u201019. This article summarizes agents with potential efficacy against COVID\u201019\u2010related cardiovascular symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]],"date-time":"2021-06-11T01:42:13Z","timestamp":1623375733000},"page":"5417-5426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Therapeutic targets of natural products for the management of cardiovascular symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2493-8293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pardis","family":"Mohammadi Pour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Isfahan University of Medical Sciences  Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7081-6521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Hosein","family":"Farzaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2120-2747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Soleiman Dehkordi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Science Shahrekord University of Medical Science  Shahrekord Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9159-960X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anupam","family":"Bishayee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine  Bradenton Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7724-4802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sedigheh","family":"Asgary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute Isfahan University of Medical Sciences  Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00221-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf8022782"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(80)90253-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.05.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.27.3.523"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2017.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-36344"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.11.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30154-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1336513"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046941"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","volume-title":"Safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L.","author":"Dajue L.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-004-4241-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.24.17058"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","first-page":"415","article-title":"International union of pharmacology. XXIII. The angiotensin II receptors","volume":"52","author":"De Gasparo M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharmacological Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-40991-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b17-00930"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000165623.72310.dd"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.30.3.535"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","first-page":"403","article-title":"Angiotensin 1\u20137 induces bradykinin\u2010mediated relaxation in porcine coronary artery","volume":"286","author":"Gorelik G.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","first-page":"765","article-title":"Validation of traditional claim of Tulsi, Ocimum sanctum Linn. as a medicinal plant","volume":"40","author":"Gupta S.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(96)00480-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2006.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md16100346"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2007.040048"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03712"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10111741"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1872208313666190211114229"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2010.10.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.32.6.757-763.1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1267"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-006-0094-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02145"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","first-page":"674","article-title":"Protective effects of ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 on cultured hippocampal neurons","volume":"30","author":"Liu M.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2011.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M403880200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2016.08.029"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Effect of Huoxue Huayu Tongluo formula on the expression of BMP\u20107 in kidneys of rats with diabetic nephropathy","volume":"2013","author":"Pan Y.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.58.8.0016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980010000170"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.01.161"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786410903417378"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2012.02.016"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2357","article-title":"Angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression and activity in human carotid atherosclerotic lesions","volume":"215","author":"Sluimer J.","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of Pathology: A Journal of the Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2220\/biomedres.36.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf010307x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08374"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11040326"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/256294"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b02213"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M200581200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md8041080"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2008-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2009.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-020-0074-x"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","first-page":"714","article-title":"Effect of Chinese herbs for stasis removing and collaterals dredging upon angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme 2\u2010angiotensin\u2010(1\u20107)\u2010mas axis in the renal cortex of diabetic nephropathy rats","volume":"34","author":"Xu J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2011.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30076-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000205833.89478.5b"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2019.152857"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-05985-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1538\/expanim.16-0121"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000094734.67990.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000094733.61689.D4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-020-0754-0"}],"container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ptr.7172","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ptr.7172","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ptr.7172","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T23:53:00Z","timestamp":1692834780000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ptr.7172"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ptr.7172"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ptr.7172","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0951-418X","1099-1573"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-418X","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1573","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}