{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:47:43Z","timestamp":1791726463896,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81660614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81660614"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82060674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82060674"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Hawthorn (\n                    <jats:italic>Crataegus pinnatifida<\/jats:italic>\n                    Bunge. var.\n                    <jats:italic>major<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is an edible and medicinal fruit that is very common in food and traditional Chinese medicine. Corosolic acid (CA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, which is an active component of hawthorn (\n                    <jats:italic>Crataegus pinnatifida<\/jats:italic>\n                    Bunge. var.\n                    <jats:italic>major<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), has been exhibiting various pharmacological activities such as antidiabetic, antibacterial, anticancer, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant effects. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of CA on non\u2010alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in mice induced by 60\u2009kcal% high\u2010fat diet (HFD) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). CA lowered liver index and serum AST, ALT, TG, and TC levels compared to those in the model group. Histological analyses of the liver tissues of mice treated with CA revealed significantly decreased number of lipid droplets and alleviated inflammation and fibrosis. CA inhibited the transcripts of pro\u2010fibrogenic markers (including \u03b1\u2010SMA, collagen I, and TIMP\u20101) and the levels of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines (including TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, caspase\u20101, and IL\u20106) associated with hepatic fibrosis, and NF\u2010\u03baB translocation and TGF\u2010\u03b21\/Smad2 and AMPK pathways. In addition, CA reduced lipid accumulation via the regulation of AMPK and NF\u2010\u03baB activation in FFA\u2010induced steatotic HepG2 cells. CA also decreased \u03b1\u2010SMA, collagen I expressions, and Smad2 phosphorylation, which were reduced by TGF\u2010\u03b21 treatment in LX2 cells. Our results suggested that CA ameliorated NASH through regulating TGF\u2010\u03b21\/Smad2, NF\u2010\u03baB, and AMPK signaling pathways, and CA could be developed as a potential health functional food or therapeutic agent for NASH patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T06:49:26Z","timestamp":1625208566000},"page":"5214-5226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Corosolic acid ameliorates non\u2010alcoholic steatohepatitis induced by high\u2010fat diet and carbon tetrachloride by regulating\n                    <scp>TGF<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\u03b21\/Smad2,\n                    <scp>NF\u2010\u03baB,<\/scp>\n                    and\n                    <scp>AMPK<\/scp>\n                    signaling pathways"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Guancheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Yanbian University  Jilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Yanbian University Hospital  Jilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Yanbian University  Jilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huizhe","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Yanbian University  Jilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linghe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Integration Science Yanbian University  Jilin 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