{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T14:46:18Z","timestamp":1781621178950,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,30]],"date-time":"2001-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":996451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The liver is a major parenchymal organ involved in many functional activities in the body. Hepatic encephalopathy is a syndrome characterized by increased blood ammonia level and is one of the major complications of cirrhosis. In the present study the protective effect of HD\u201003, a poly\u2010herbal formulation, was evaluated against CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats. Hepatic encephalopathy was induced in Wistar rats by administration of CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> at a dose of 1\u2005mL\/kg orally in liquid paraffin (1:1) twice a week for 90 days. The liver enzymes (SGPT and SGOT) and blood ammonia levels were significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2005&lt;\u20050.001) higher in the CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010intoxicated group compared with the untreated control group. Administration of HD\u201003 at a dose of 750\u2005mg\/kg orally as an aqueous suspension significantly prevented the elevation of SGPT, SGOT and blood ammonia levels. Histomorphometric evaluation of liver and brain showed a protective effect of the HD\u201003 treatment, thus correlating with the changes in biochemical profiles. The protective effect of HD\u201003 against CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced encephalopathy may be due to the improved hepatocellular function, which in turn helps in regulating the metabolism of ammonia. However, further studies are required to measure the activity of enzymes involved in the urea cycle and brain aromatic amino acids in order to elucidate the exact mechanism of action of HD\u201003. Copyright \u00a9 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T19:56:46Z","timestamp":1030305406000},"page":"493-496","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The protective effect of HD\u201003 in CCl<sub>4<\/sub>\u2010induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"S. K.","family":"Mitra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. V.","family":"Venkataranganna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Gopumadhavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. D.","family":"Anturlikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. J.","family":"Seshadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Venkatesha Udupa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1040593"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"890","article-title":"Treatment of chronic portal\u2010systemic encephalopathy with lactulose","volume":"1","author":"Bircher J","year":"1966","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"The Hepatic Coma Syndromes and Lactulose","author":"Conn HO","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"693","volume-title":"The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology","author":"Duffy TE","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840040105"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2770697"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(67)90102-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2720311"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109322"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"82","article-title":"Effect of HD\u201003, a herbal formulation, in galactosamine\u2010induced hepatopathy in rats","volume":"44","author":"Mitra SK","year":"1999","journal-title":"Indian J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"409","article-title":"Anti\u2010cholestatic activity of HD\u201003, a herbal formulation in thioacetamide (TAA)\u2010induced experimental cholestasis","volume":"37","author":"Mitra SK","year":"1999","journal-title":"Indian J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(98)00088-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1573(199803)12:2<114::AID-PTR206>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","article-title":"Inhibitors of experimentally induced cirrhosis in rats by HD\u201003\u2014A herbal formulation","author":"Mitra SK","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacologica Simca"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"304","volume-title":"Advances in Cellular and Neurobiology","author":"Norenburg MD","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/28.1.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"615","volume-title":"Progress in Liver Disease","author":"Schafer DF","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"925","volume-title":"Diseases of the Liver","author":"Zieve L","year":"1987"}],"container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fptr.734","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ptr.734","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,19]],"date-time":"2023-11-19T18:26:09Z","timestamp":1700418369000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ptr.734"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,30]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ptr.734"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ptr.734","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0951-418X","1099-1573"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-418X","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1573","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,30]]}}}