{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:55:44Z","timestamp":1786978544640,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1A2C1004816"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A2C1004816"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1A2C2003277"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A2C2003277"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The aim of the present study is to explore the underlying hepatoprotective mechanism of PKC#963, consisting of\n                    <jats:italic>Pinus koraiensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Saururus chinensis,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Lycium barbarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    in association with acute and chronic liver injury induced by alcohol or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Here, PKC#963 significantly suppressed aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p\u2010STAT3), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase (COX\u20102) in CCl4\u2010treated HepG2 cells. Also, PKC#963 significantly suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in HepG2 cells. Consistently, PKC#963 suppressed the expression of AST, ALT, p\u2010STAT3, iNOS, COX\u20102, interleukin 6 (IL\u20106), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF\u2010\u03b1) and \u03b1\u2010smooth muscle actin (\u03b1\u2010SMA) and increased procaspase 3 in the liver tissues of CCl4 treated rats. In addition, PKC#963 enhanced alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) for alcohol metabolism, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase as antioxidant enzymes and also suppressed AST and ALT in alcohol\u2010treated rats. Furthermore, PKC#963 reduced hepatic steatosis and necrosis in CCl4\u2010treated rats by H&amp;E (Hematoxylin and Eosin) staining. Taken together, these findings highlight evidence that PKC#963 has hepatoprotective potential via inhibition of iNOS, COX\u20102, and p\u2010STAT3 and enhancement of SOD and catalase.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]],"date-time":"2022-09-24T00:04:15Z","timestamp":1663977855000},"page":"505-514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The underlying hepatoprotective mechanism of\n                    <scp>PKC<\/scp>\n                    #963 in alcohol or carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury via inhibition of\n                    <scp>iNOS<\/scp>\n                    ,\n                    <scp>COX<\/scp>\n                    \u20102, and\n                    <scp>p\u2010STAT3<\/scp>\n                    and enhancement of\n                    <scp>SOD<\/scp>\n                    and catalase"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Dong Sub","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyo\u2010Jung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deok Yong","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Eon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youngsang","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonglee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bumsang","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2423-1973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung\u2010Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19051476"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2016.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0001-3765201920181235"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/pns2006496"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29923"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrep.2017.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2004.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2015.4068"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/837939"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"The genetics of alcohol metabolism: Role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase variants","volume":"30","author":"Edenberg H. J.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Alcohol Research & Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rgmx.2014.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.07003.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2016.10.086"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.1040752"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5801"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.19592"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-14-502"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-016-0186-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-016-1031-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfy106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4234061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161125942"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3164734"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-016-0408-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3934\/biophy.2017.2.240"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15701"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2020.1738218"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.31.523"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22664"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2013.56.3.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2015.00363"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1507499112"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.24412"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.01.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/dddt.s194787"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ijn.s92162"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i19.3388"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"The inhibitory effect of extracts from Fructus lycii and Rhizoma polygonati on in vitro DNA breakage by alternariol","volume":"9","author":"Xu D. S.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biomedical and Environmental Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09168451.2018.1487274"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2734"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.01253"}],"container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ptr.7630","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ptr.7630","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ptr.7630","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T05:28:25Z","timestamp":1692336505000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ptr.7630"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ptr.7630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ptr.7630","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0951-418X","1099-1573"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-418X","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1573","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}