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We herein investigated the cerebral protective effects of <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010borneol on neurovascular units (NVU) in the subacute phase after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (t\u2010MCAO). The t\u2010MCAO model was prepared by the line embolus method. Zea Longa, mNss, HE, and TTC staining were used to evaluate the effect of <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010borneol. We evaluated the mechanisms of <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010borneol on inflammation, p38 MAPK pathway, and apoptosis, etc. through various technologies. <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010borneol 0.2, 0.1, 0.05\u2009g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> could significantly reduce cerebral infarction rate, alleviate the pathological injury, and inhibit inflammation reaction. <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010borneol could also significantly increase brain blood supply, Nissl bodies, and the expression of GFAP. Additionally, <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010borneol activated the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, inhibited cell apoptosis, and maintained BBB integrity. <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010borneol had a neuroprotective effect, which was related to activating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, inhibiting inflammatory response and apoptosis, and improving cerebral blood supply to protect BBB and stabilize and remodel NVU. The study will provide a reference for the use of <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010borneol in the treatment of ischemic stroke in the subacute phase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T12:10:38Z","timestamp":1686658238000},"page":"4166-4184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["<scp>l<\/scp>\u2010borneol promotes neurovascular unit protection in the subacute phase of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion rats: <scp>p38\u2010MAPK<\/scp> pathway activation, anti\u2010inflammatory, and anti\u2010apoptotic effect"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9205-5970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qian","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource  Chengdu China"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy Chengdu 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