{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T02:53:35Z","timestamp":1791082415614,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSTB2023NSCQ\u2010MSX0172"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2023NSCQ\u2010MSX0172"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic migraine (CM) is a disabling neurological disease. Astragaloside IV (AS\u2010IV), a natural product derived from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:italic>Astragalus membranaceus<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:styled-content>, shows great potential in treating chronic pain by relieving inflammation and oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of action of AS\u2010IV on CM. An inflammatory soup comprising histamine, bradykinin, serotonin, and prostaglandin E2 was used to establish a CM rat model, while lipopolysaccharide was applied to induce an inflammatory response in primary astrocytes. Pain threshold measurements were used to evaluate nociceptive hypersensitivity, while qPCR and Western blotting were applied to detect inflammatory indicators and synaptic protein expression, and Golgi\u2010Cox staining was applied to observe dendritic spine density, while transmission electron microscopy was used to observe synaptic ultrastructure. Mitochondrial function and oxidative stress were assessed using JC\u20101 staining, Mitotracker staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification, and glutathione content. AS\u2010IV pretreatment alleviated central sensitization and ameliorated astrocyte activation and neuroinflammation. AS\u2010IV pretreatment alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction in\u00a0vitro, and reduced the nuclear translocation of NF\u2010\u03baB and the production of IL\u20101\u03b2, which were reversed by ROS scavengers in\u00a0vitro or mitochondrial respiratory chain disruptors in\u00a0vivo. Our study indicates that AS\u2010IV can inhibit neuroinflammation by alleviating astrocyte mitochondrial dysfunction to mitigate central sensitization in CM, thereby providing an experimental basis for AS\u2010IV and <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>membranaceus<\/jats:italic> in CM prevention and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.8436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T09:16:27Z","timestamp":1736759787000},"page":"1438-1452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Astragaloside <scp>IV<\/scp> Relieves Central Sensitization by Regulating Astrocytic <scp>ROS<\/scp>\/<scp>NF<\/scp>\u2010<scp>\u03baB<\/scp> Nuclear Translocation Signaling in Chronic Migraine Male Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Research Center The First Affiliated 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