{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:08:26Z","timestamp":1753870106466,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Challenges"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of periodontal disease among Sri Lankan women in the reproductive age group is considerably high. The present study aimed to assess the oral hygiene status, gingival status, and the associated factors among pregnant women attending community Antenatal Clinics (ANC) in Sri Lanka, against the challenging sociopolitical backdrop.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study was conducted among 576 pregnant women attending community ANCs within a specific Medical Officer of Health area in Sri Lanka. The clinics were selected using a two\u2010stage cluster sampling method with probability proportionate to size technique. Pregnant women were recruited from each clinic using a systematic sampling method. Data was collected with an interviewer\u2010administered questionnaire and an oral health examination form.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Poor oral hygiene was detected among over 60% of pregnant women. Moderate\u2010to\u2010severe gingivitis was seen among 23.3% of them. Nearly 67% of the participants demonstrated limited knowledge of periodontal diseases. Approximately, 67% of them were unemployed, and 32.5% had a monthly income of less than 40,000 Sri Lankan rupees. Regression analysis revealed that the trimester, socioeconomic factors, frequency of dental visits, recency of full mouth scaling, and knowledge of periodontal diseases predicted the oral hygiene status, and age, trimester, frequency of brushing, recency of full mouth scaling, and knowledge of periodontal diseases were significant predictors of gingival health. Particularly, individuals with a lower socioeconomic status experienced both poor oral hygiene and gingival health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The suboptimal oral hygiene and gingival health, limited access to dental care, and inadequate periodontal health knowledge, highlight an urgent need for interventions such as empowering young women through educational and employment initiatives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/puh2.209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T13:58:15Z","timestamp":1720015095000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Periodontal Health Among Pregnant Women in Sri Lanka: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8881-9611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kavithrini Anunadika","family":"Gammulle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health  Colombo Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manori","family":"Dhanapriyanka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health  Colombo Sri Lanka"},{"name":"School of Dentistry University of Queensland, Australia Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meghashyam","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry The University of Adelaide  Adelaide Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3724\/zdxbyxb\u20102021\u20100321"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100757.2012.00457.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12394"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2022.104253"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2380084417731097"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_382_21"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22605\/rrh1902"},{"volume-title":"National Oral Health Survey Sri Lanka 2015\u20132016","year":"2018","author":"Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine","key":"e_1_2_12_10_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600\u2010051x.2000.027010787.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"United Nations Integrated SDG Insights Report\u2014Sri Lanka(Sri Lanka:United Nations Development Programme 2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"ReliefWeb Sri Lanka's Once Robust Health System Nears Collapse Amid Crisis\u2014and Pregnant Women Pay the Price\u2014Sri Lanka(New York:ReliefWeb 2022) https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/sri\u2010lanka\/sri\u2010lankas\u2010once\u2010robust\u2010health\u2010system\u2010nears\u2010collapse\u2010amid\u2010crisis\u2010and\u2010pregnant\u2010women\u2010pay\u2010price."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","unstructured":"United Nations Sri Lanka's Economic Crisis Pushes Health System to Brink of Collapse(New York:UN News 2022) https:\/\/news.un.org\/en\/story\/2022\/08\/1124842."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2290547"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903\u2010018\u20100681\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_319_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12053"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0208886"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678\u2010775720160178"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9782092"}],"container-title":["Public Health 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