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This review provides a comprehensive overview of current strategies for constructing repetitive DNA, covering both in vitro approaches, including restriction endonuclease ligation, in vitro homologous recombination, and redundancy\u2010minimizing sequences, as well as in vivo methodologies in\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and mammalian cells. We further discuss applications of these methods for developing genetic manipulation tools, constructing models of repetitive DNA, and synthesizing biomaterials. Future progress in engineering repetitive DNA will further advance our capabilities in designing and manipulating complex biological systems and deepen our understanding of them.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/qub2.70040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T04:22:06Z","timestamp":1776831726000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Technologies for engineering repetitive DNA"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shuting","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Tianjin University  Tianjin China"},{"name":"Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) School of Synthetic Biology and Biomanufacturing Tianjin University  Tianjin China"},{"name":"Frontiers Research Institute for Synthetic Biology 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