{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T00:38:08Z","timestamp":1740184688703,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Rheumatology &amp;amp; Autoimmunity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mRNA vaccines Comirnaty (Pfizer\/BioNTech) and Spikevax (Moderna) are considered safe and highly effective against SARS\u2010COV2. However, they are also associated with a small increased risk of pericarditis and myocarditis. There is concern about an increased risk of these complications in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case Report<\/jats:title><jats:p>We describe three patients with pre\u2010existing AIRD who developed myocarditis or pericarditis shortly after receiving their first dose of the Pfizer\u2010BioNTech vaccine. The first case is a 31\u2010year\u2010old female with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and anti\u2010phospholipid syndrome (APLS) who presented 7 days after receiving the Pfizer\u2010BioNTech vaccine and was diagnosed with myopericarditis following a positive troponin and abnormal transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). The second case is a 29\u2010year\u2010old man with seronegative inflammatory arthritis and APLS who presented 7 days after receiving the first dose of the Pfizer\u2010BioNTech vaccine. His troponin and TTE were unremarkable however his ECG showed widespread ST elevation. Lastly, the third case is a 34\u2010year\u2010old man with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent pericarditis. He developed a recurrence of symptoms approximately 7 days after his Pfizer\u2010BioNTech vaccine and self\u2010commenced prednisolone at home. He had normal laboratory and radiological findings. All patients received prednisolone resulting in a quick recovery and resolution of symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this review we discuss the association between myocarditis, pericarditis and mRNA COVID\u201019 vaccines, those who are at greatest risk and current clinical considerations. We also discuss the possible increased risk in AIRD patients and the current research supporting this.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rai2.12042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T17:58:47Z","timestamp":1655229527000},"page":"92-97","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Myocarditis and pericarditis following mRNA vaccination in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease patients: A single\u2010center experience"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8435-7685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shreeya","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Western Hospital Footscray Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Western Hospital Footscray Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maninder","family":"Mundae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Western Hospital Footscray Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Western Hospital Footscray Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation (WHO). WHO coronavirus (COVID\u201019) dashboard with vaccination data. February 25 2022. Accessed\u00a0February 25 2022.\u00a0https:\/\/covid19.who.int\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.112816"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2034577"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035389"},{"volume-title":"Emerging variants of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and novel therapeutics against coronavirus (COVID\u201019)","year":"2022","author":"Aleem A","key":"e_1_2_6_6_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41734"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2021.2833"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2109730"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"Therapeutic Goods Administration.\u00a0COVID\u201019 vaccine weekly safety report\u201406\u201001\u20102022. February 25 2022. Accessed January 6 2022.https:\/\/www.tga.gov.au\/node\/942033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"Government of Israel Ministry of Health.\u00a0Surveillance of myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle) cases between December 2020 and May 2021 (including).\u00a0February 18 2022. Accessed June 2 2021.\u00a0https:\/\/www.gov.il\/en\/departments\/news\/01062021-03"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","unstructured":"Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI).\u00a0COVID\u201019 vaccination\u2014guidance on myocarditis and pericarditis after mRNA COVID\u201019 vaccines. December 2 2021. Accessed\u00a0February 18 2022.https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/resources\/publications\/covid-19-vaccination-guidance-on-myocarditis-and-pericarditis-after-mrna-covid-19-vaccines"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200114235"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9050435"}],"container-title":["Rheumatology &amp; Autoimmunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rai2.12042","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/rai2.12042","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rai2.12042","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T10:56:06Z","timestamp":1712746566000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/rai2.12042"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/rai2.12042"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rai2.12042","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2767-1410","2767-1429"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2767-1410"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2767-1429"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-03-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-04-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}