{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:14:58Z","timestamp":1772118898972,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773532800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1503846"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1503846"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1762431"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1762431"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2234875"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2234875"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compound\u2010specific carbon isotope analysis is an essential technique in environmental, geobiological, ecological, and forensic research. It involves\u00a0the online conversion of organic compounds separated by gas chromatography (GC) into carbon dioxide before entering a gas source mass spectrometer for carbon isotopic analysis. However, current oxidation interfaces require frequent maintenance or reactor replacement, reducing efficiency and data quality and increasing costs. This study presents a modified oxidation interface to address these issues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our oxidation reactor system uses nickel and platinum wires as an oxidant with a constant oxygen flow controlled by an electronic pressure controller (EPC). This system eliminates the need for full\u2010scale re\u2010oxidation after initial activation and differs from systems using constant pressure control gauges that result in variable oxygen flow and carrier gas composition. We performed systematic comparisons of carbon isotope measurements for fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010alkanes between our modified system and a commercial reactor system, and betweem systems that use constant pressure and constant flow oxygen supplies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our oxidation interface with a constant flow of oxygen significantly enhances the analytical precision and accuracy of carbon isotope values, as demonstrated by a consistent reduction in the standard deviation of \u03b4\n                      <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                      C values to below 0.3\u2030. Importantly, our system has undergone over 5000 injections extending over 9\u2009months during our longest analytical cycle, with no maintenance or user intervention needed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our novel reactor system with a constant flow supply of auxiliary oxygen gas to the reactor greatly outperforms the conventional reactor system in efficiency, precision, and accuracy. It is virtually maintenance\u2010free and may be dubbed the \u201cforever\u201d reactor, resulting in greatly enhanced analytical efficiency and reduced cost. Our methodology can be implemented on commercial systems with straightforward modifications by users.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.10020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T09:41:36Z","timestamp":1742031696000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Long\u2010Lasting, High\u2010Stability Reactor System for Compound\u2010Specific Carbon Isotope Analyses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1550-4132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewerton","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0533-1330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bumsoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Tarozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Alexandre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9287-4543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongsong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0146-6380(90)90147-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2015.00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2016.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/d11010008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac051251z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2021.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2022.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016\u20107037(00)00445\u20132"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2005.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0146\u20136380(95)80001\u20138"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0146\u20136380(96)00030\u20137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.precamres.2024.107289"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.1896"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2020.117369"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26154412"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442\u2010012\u20102506\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orggeochem.2015.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orggeochem.2022.104404"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00110a022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009\u20132541(92)90204\u2010I"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","unstructured":"M.Krummen.Device and Method for Producing CO2 N2and\/or SO2for Quantitative Analysis From a Sample. 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