{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T06:56:14Z","timestamp":1771656974357,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,29]],"date-time":"2006-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1164758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The capabilities and limitations of 384\u2010well formatted sample preparation technologies applied to regulated bioanalysis were evaluated by developing two assays for the simultaneous quantitation of lopinavir and ritonavir, the active ingredients of Kaletra. One method used liquid\u2010liquid extraction (LLE), and the other used solid\u2010phase extraction (SPE). The steps and apparatuses employed by the two methods covered most of those used for bioanalysis. Briefly, the previously validated 96\u2010well formatted assays were adapted to the 384\u2010format with minor modifications. Because the wells of a 384\u2010well plate are clustered together, cross\u2010contamination between adjacent wells was evaluated critically, along with sensitivity, assay throughput, and ruggedness. Samples (35\u2009\u00b5L) containing plasma samples (15\u2009\u00b5L), internal standard (10\u2009\u00b5L), and sodium carbonate (0.5\u2009M, 10\u2009\u00b5L to basify the sample) were placed in a 384\u2010well microtiter plate that may contain saquinavir or amprenavir as contamination markers. For LLE preparation, the samples were placed in a deep 384\u2010well plate (300\u2010\u00b5L well volume) and extracted with 150\u2009\u00b5L of ethyl acetate. Approximately 50\u2009\u00b5L of the extracts were removed from each well after phase separation for analysis. For SPE preparation, the fortified samples were transferred to a 384\u2010formatted SPE plate (C18, 5\u2009mg packing). The extracts were eluted from the plate with basified 2\u2010propanol. The LLE or SPE extracts were dried and reconstituted for column\u2010switching high\u2010performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection (HPLC\/MS\/MS). The lower limit of quantitation and the assay range were the same as the 96\u2010well formatted assay. If combined with appropriate automation, sample preparation in the 384\u2010well format would be up to five times more efficient than the 96\u2010well format. Copyright \u00a9 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.2808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,29]],"date-time":"2006-11-29T12:59:27Z","timestamp":1164805167000},"page":"64-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Evaluation of 384\u2010well formatted sample preparation technologies for regulated bioanalysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Min S.","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elaine J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tawakol A.","family":"El\u2010Shourbagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015829422034"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9507552"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac000897i"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0231(20010115)15:1<33::AID-RCM188>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac040141"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2004.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.2578"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","unstructured":"ChangMS MaiH El\u2010ShourbagyAT.Proc. 2000 Pittsburgh Conference New Orleans LA USA 2000."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2005.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2005.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2004.08.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","unstructured":"CoveyTR. 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