{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T14:15:33Z","timestamp":1789654533673,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,16]],"date-time":"2010-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1271376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The native form of Cu,Zn\u2010superoxide dismutase (SOD\u20101) is a homodimer that coordinates one Cu\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and one Zn\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    per monomer. Cu\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and Zn\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ions play crucial roles in enzyme activity and structural stability, respectively. In addition, dimer formation is essential for SOD\u20101 functionality, and in humans several SOD\u20101 mutant isoforms have been associated with certain types of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. In this paper we used capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to study the different structures of bovine SOD\u20101. The metal ions of the native enzyme (Cu\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,Zn\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010dimer SOD\u20101) were released in acidic medium in order to obtain apo\u2010SOD\u20101, which is a monomer. Both substances were analyzed by matrix\u2010assisted laser desorption\/ionization time\u2010of\u2010flight mass spectrometry (MALDI\u2010TOF\u2010MS) and capillary electrophoresis with ultraviolet and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry detection (CE\/UV and CE\/ESI\u2010MS, respectively). With MALDI\u2010TOF\u2010MS, using matrices of sinapinic acid (SA) or 2,5\u2010dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) with or without trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), similar mass spectra were obtained for the metalated and non\u2010metalated samples. In both cases, an average molecular mass corresponding to the apo\u2010monomer SOD\u20101 was calculated. This finding indicated that the metals were released from the Cu\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,Zn\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010dimer SOD\u20101 during sample preparation or ionization. For CE\/UV and CE\/ESI\u2010MS, two background electrolytes (BGEs) potentially compatible with ESI\u2010MS detection were used, namely 1\u2009M of acetic acid (pH 2.3) and 10\u2009mM of ammonium acetate (pH 7.3). Using a sheath liquid of 2\u2010propanol\/water (60:40 v\/v), with or without 0.1% v\/v of formic acid, CE\/ESI\u2010MS sensitivity was enhanced when the acidic BGE and the acidic sheath liquid were used. However, the electrophoretic profiles and the mass spectra obtained suggested that the metals of Cu\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,Zn\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010dimer SOD\u20101 were released, which generated the apo\u2010monomer during the electrophoretic separation. The neutral BGE provided enhanced conditions for the detection of the native enzyme. The differences between the mass spectra obtained for the Cu\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,Zn\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010dimer and the apo\u2010monomer forms were significant and the presence of formic acid in the sheath liquid affected only sensitivity. Our results highlight the importance of selecting appropriate non\u2010denaturing separation and detection conditions to obtain reliable structural information about non\u2010covalent protein complexes by CE\/ESI\u2010MS. Copyright \u00a9 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.4530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,16]],"date-time":"2010-04-16T03:37:07Z","timestamp":1271389027000},"page":"1411-1418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Capillary electrophoresis\/mass spectrometry for the separation and characterization of bovine Cu,Zn\u2010superoxide dismutase"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Borges\u2010Alvarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Benavente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Sanz\u2010Nebot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)83102-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10409238709083738"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)42108-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1996.0433k.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4165(98)00171-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200700852"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac801324b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M409744200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M313295200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0704307104"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(98)00012-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2003.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1570-0232(02)00031-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.20086"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1570-0232(02)00442-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200600648"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac030171x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200600075"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2007.05.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2787(1997)16:1<1::AID-MAS1>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1387-3806(00)00352-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(98)00302-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200107)22:12<2359::AID-ELPS2359>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0488560"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9712963"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0004557"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(03)00719-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2005.09.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.3109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","volume-title":"High Performance Capillary Electrophoresis \u2013 An Introduction","author":"Heiger G","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200700788"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200800212"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-2006-3-420","volume":"61","author":"Chiba Y","year":"2006","journal-title":"Z. 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