{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T14:42:12Z","timestamp":1789828932040,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The identification of Novichok A\u2010series nerve agents depends primarily on the detection of stable degradation products, as intact agents are rarely encountered in environmental or forensic samples. However, limited GC\u2013MS reference data exist for amidine\u2010based degradation products of A\u2010series nerve agents relevant to Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) verification. This study aims to address a critical analytical gap supporting forensic attribution and international chemical weapons verification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A series of eight N,N\u2010dialkylethanimidamide compounds relevant to predicted Novichok degradation pathways was synthesized under controlled conditions. Samples were analyzed by GC\u2013MS using electron ionization (EI) and positive chemical ionization (PCI) with isobutane reagent gas. Spectral data, comprising major fragment ions, protonated molecules, and adduct ions, were acquired using a GC\u2013MS system under optimized analytical conditions. GCRI were determined using the Van den Dool and Kratz method with n\u2010alkane standards.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      EI mass spectra showed reproducible fragmentation dominated by \u03b1\u2010cleavage, producing characteristic low\u2010mass ions, particularly\n                      <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      42 [C\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      H\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      N]\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      71 [C\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      H\n                      <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                      N\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ]\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      , with isomer dependent base peaks and relative abundances. As a complementary technique, PCI with isobutane yielded spectra with molecular mass confirmation via [M+H]\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      ions, with minimal adduct formation (\u2264\u200912%). RI ranged from 938 to 1145 and increased systematically with alkyl substitution, enabling discrimination of structural isomers. The combined EI and PCI data provide reliable spectral fingerprints and retention behavior for amidine\u2010based degradation products of A\u2010series nerve agents.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This work establishes comprehensive GC\u2013MS reference data for amidine\u2010based degradation products associated with Novichok A\u2010series nerve agents. The developed method enabled the successful identification of spiked amidine compounds in the 56th and 57th OPCW proficiency test (PT) samples. These results will enhance the capability of forensic and verification laboratories to detect, confirm, and interpret degradation markers, thereby supporting OPCW PT, chemical weapons attribution, and compliance with the CWC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.70055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T06:18:44Z","timestamp":1773037124000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Characterization of Amidine\u2010Based Degradation Products of Novichok A\u2010Series Nerve Agents Using Single\u2010Quadrupole GC\u2013MS"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Yadav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Safety Group (CSG) Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology (IPFT)  Gurugram India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.\u00a0V.","family":"Jagadish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Safety Group (CSG) Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology (IPFT)  Gurugram India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prachi","family":"Thukral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Safety Group (CSG) Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology (IPFT)  Gurugram India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ansil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Sciences University (NFSU)  Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukesh\u00a0Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Safety Group (CSG) Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology (IPFT)  Gurugram India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5407-6241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shubham","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Safety Group (CSG) Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology (IPFT)  Gurugram India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohana\u00a0Krishna\u00a0Reddy","family":"Mudiam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Research Methodologies (ARM) Group Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology (IPFT)  Gurugram India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"\u201cConvention on the Prohibition of the Development Production Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and Their Destruction Technical Secretariat of the Organisation for Prohibition of Chemical Weapons: The Hague \u201d (1997) https:\/\/www.opcw.org\/chemical\u2010weapons\u2010convention."},{"issue":"26","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"The Future of Chemical Weapons","volume":"1","author":"Tucker J. 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