{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:44:31Z","timestamp":1792154671667,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007000","name":"Laboratory Directed Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["89303321CEM000080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["89303321CEM000080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007000","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Because of their ubiquity in the environment and adverse health effects, per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a growing area of concern to the public and regulatory agencies. The continued development of novel replacement PFAS necessitates the development of new methods to screen for these compounds. In this work, we demonstrate a method to detect multiple classes of PFAS including legacy PFAS, precursor compounds, and replacement compounds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compounds were adsorbed to octadecylamine then analyzed by direct analysis in real time (DART) coupled with time\u2010of\u2010flight (TOF) mass spectrometry. Sixteen PFAS were analyzed from six distinct classes including perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs), perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSAs), per and polyfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids (PFECAs), polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids (PolyFESAs), fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH), and perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (FOSAA). These represent the classes considered in EPA method 537.1 and an additional important precursor class.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All six of the compound classes considered were successfully detected with this DART high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) method. Calculated lower limits of quantification ranged from 10 to 300\u2009ng\/L and were influenced by water matrix. The use of DART avoided instrumental background from solvents and tubing which is an established issue in liquid chromatography (LC) methods. DART\u2013HRMS was also found to avoid false positives from compounds of similar molecular weights present in natural waters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings of this work fill an important gap in PFAS analysis by enabling screening for many known classes of PFAS. Furthermore, this method is anticipated to be able to analyze additional classes of PFAS as future replacement chemicals are produced, allowing for a more comprehensive analysis to be completed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.70187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T11:47:57Z","timestamp":1792151277000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Targeted and Non\u2010Targeted Analysis of Novel and Legacy Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in River Water by Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5463-0735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amie C.","family":"McElroy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Savannah River National Laboratory  Aiken South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6365-4023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigail M.","family":"Waldron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Savannah River National Laboratory  Aiken South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6469-3546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Austin L.","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Savannah River National Laboratory  Aiken South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3783-5648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline O.","family":"Granger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Savannah River National Laboratory  Aiken South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9221-3246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven M. E.","family":"Demers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Savannah River National Laboratory  Aiken South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5185-9532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle R.","family":"Mannion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Savannah River National Laboratory  Aiken South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2731-7329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Mannion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Savannah River National Laboratory  Aiken South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1038\/s41561-024-01402-8","article-title":"Underestimated Burden of Per\u2010 and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Global Surface Waters and Groundwaters","volume":"17","author":"Grunfeld D. A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature Geoscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"U. S. Environmental Protection Agency.Multi\u2010Industry Per\u2010 and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Study \u2013 2021 Preliminary Report.2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption of Per\u2010 and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances\u2014From Scale\u2010Up to Factors Affecting Performance","author":"Hopkins Z. R.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es9010465"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"The Third Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR 3) Data Summary January 2017. [Online]. Available:https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2017\u201002\/documents\/ucmr3\u2010data\u2010summary\u2010january\u20102017.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"U. S. Enrivonmental Protection Agency \u201cThe Fifth Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR 5): Data Summary January 2026 \u201d January 2026. [Online]. Accessed 28 June 2026. Available:https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/system\/files\/documents\/2023\u201008\/ucmr5\u2010data\u2010summary_0.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"U. S. Environmental Protection Agency \u201cFederal Register Document Number 2024\u201302324: Listing of Specific PFAS as Hazardous Constituents \u201d (2024)."},{"issue":"6580","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abg9065","article-title":"Per\u2010 and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment","volume":"375","author":"Evich M. 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