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However, the tooth dentin of extant specimens contains significant amounts of organic matter that can decompose or produce gases that interfere with isotope measurements. Therefore, a well\u2010developed pretreatment protocol for removing organic components prior to isotopic analysis is essential.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, we developed pretreatment methods for removing organic matter to enable the isotopic analysis of structural carbonates in tooth dentin. Using teeth of the half\u2010smooth golden pufferfish (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Lagocephalus spadiceus<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) as specimens, we applied a total of eight physical and chemical pretreatment protocols and evaluated their effects on carbonate isotopic composition.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Treatments with neutral or alkaline pancreatin solutions effectively removed organic matter without altering the \u03b4\n                      <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                      C values of the carbonate. In contrast, no pretreatment method was identified that kept \u03b4\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      O values entirely unaffected. However, treatment with the neutral pancreatin solution resulted in sufficient removal of organic matter and only minimal, consistent changes in \u03b4\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      O.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Treatments with neutral or alkaline pancreatin solutions are recommended for the analysis of \u03b4\n                      <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                      C in carbonate within dentin. Although no method for ideal organic matter removal without changing \u03b4\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      O values was identified, treatment with neutral pancreatin solution is recommended as the second\u2010best option. Because of the small and consistent change in \u03b4\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      O, it is possible to correct for \u03b4\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      O alterations induced by pretreatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.70200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T02:13:48Z","timestamp":1792721628000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Pretreatment on the Isotopic Composition of Structural Carbonate in Ray\u2010Finned Fish Teeth"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8353-1113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshikazu","family":"Furuya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute The University of Tokyo  Kashiwa Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7108-4876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuki","family":"Yokouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries Resources Institute Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5252-8622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taiga","family":"Okumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences Waseda University  Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3922-5971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kotaro","family":"Shirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute The University of Tokyo  Kashiwa Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1206625109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741\u20107007\u20108\u201019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1304661110"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2016.0189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018404331601"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"63","volume-title":"American Fisheries Society","author":"Dodson J. 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