{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T10:26:07Z","timestamp":1790072767724,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]],"date-time":"2017-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOR 1530, NI 1329\/1\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOR 1530, NI 1329\/1\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The conventional high\u2010temperature conversion (HTC) approach towards hydrogen compound\u2010specific isotope analysis (CSIA) of halogen\u2010bearing (F, Cl, Br, I) organics suffers from incomplete H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      yields and associated hydrogen isotope fractionation due to generation of HF, HCl, HBr, and HI byproducts. Moreover, the traditional off\u2010line combustion of highly halogenated compounds results in incomplete recovery of water as an intermediary compound for hydrogen isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), and hence also leads to isotope fractionation. This study presents an optimized chromium\u2010based high\u2010temperature conversion (Cr\/HTC) approach for hydrogen CSIA of various fluorinated, chlorinated, brominated and iodinated organic compounds. The Cr\/HTC approach is fast, economical, and not affected by low H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      yields and associated isotope fractionation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The performance of the modified gas chromatography\/chromium\u2010based high\u2010temperature conversion (GC\u2010Cr\/HTC) system was monitored and optimized using an ion trap mass spectrometer. Quantitative conversion of organic hydrogen into H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      analyte gas was achieved for all halogen\u2010bearing compounds. The corresponding accuracy of CSIA was validated using (i) manual dual\u2010inlet (DI)\u2010IRMS after off\u2010line conversion into H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , and (ii) elemental analyzer (EA)\u2010Cr\/HTC\u2010IRMS (on\u2010line conversion).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The overall hydrogen isotope analysis of F\u2010, Cl\u2010, Br\u2010 and I\u2010bearing organics\n                      <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                      GC\u2010Cr\/HTC\u2010IRMS achieved a precision \u03c3\u00a0\u2264\u00a03 mUr and an accuracy within \u00b15 mUr along the VSMOW\u2010SLAP scale compared with the measured isotope compositions resulting from both validation methods, off\u2010line and on\u2010line. The same analytical performance as for single\u2010compound GC\u2010Cr\/HTC\u2010IRMS was achieved compound\u2010specifically for mixtures of halogenated organics following GC separation to baseline resolution.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GC\u2010Cr\/HTC technology can be implemented in existing analytical equipment using commercially available materials to provide a versatile tool for hydrogen CSIA of halogenated and non\u2010halogenated organics. Copyright \u00a9 2017 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.7872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,5]],"date-time":"2017-04-05T10:59:49Z","timestamp":1491389989000},"page":"1095-1102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Compound\u2010specific hydrogen isotope analysis of fluorine\u2010, chlorine\u2010, bromine\u2010 and iodine\u2010bearing organics using gas chromatography\u2013chromium\u2010based high\u2010temperature conversion (Cr\/HTC) isotope ratio mass spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5487-1640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Renpenning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Isotope Biogeochemistry Helmholtz\u2010Centre for Environmental Research \u2013 UFZ  Permoserstrasse 15 D\u201004318 Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arndt","family":"Schimmelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Indiana University  Bloomington IN 47405\u20101405 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7177-0422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Gehre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Isotope Biogeochemistry Helmholtz\u2010Centre for Environmental Research \u2013 UFZ  Permoserstrasse 15 D\u201004318 Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac970332v"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.teac.2016.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-011-5683-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.3026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.5203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.6608"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.6465"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac504232u"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.7810"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-005-0160-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es303476v"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.6578"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5b00085"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5b02475"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"749","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Mass Spectrometry, vol. 5, Elemental and Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry","author":"Schimmelmann A.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.1672"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bms.1200230613"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5b04392"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.3185"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.7752"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10256016.2012.666977"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.7174"}],"container-title":["Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Frcm.7872","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rcm.7872","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T16:07:41Z","timestamp":1761494861000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/rcm.7872"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/rcm.7872"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rcm.7872","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0951-4198","1097-0231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-4198","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]]}}}