{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T23:25:34Z","timestamp":1781047534650,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN\u20102018\u201004430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN\u20102018\u201004430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN\u20102022\u20100383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN\u20102022\u20100383"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sodium and potassium are required in agar media for the growth of some microorganisms (e.g., marine bacteria). However, alkali cations are a significant source of contamination for mass spectrometry causing ion suppression and adduct formation. Conventionally, salts can be removed before mass spectrometric analysis with appropriate and often lengthy sample preparation. The direct mass spectrometric sampling of bacterial colonies grown on agar media seeks to minimize or eliminate sample preparation to improve workflow. However, this may exacerbate ion suppression and contamination since these metal cations will degrade spectral quality and limit the rapid profiling of microbial metabolites. Different approaches are needed to sequester sodium and potassium ions to minimize unwanted background interferences. Herein, we use crown ethers (CEs) in combination with a liquid microjunction surface sampling probe (LMJ\u2010SSP) to directly sample the surface of the bacterial colonies from two marine bacteria species (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Pseudoalteromonas rubra<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      DSM6842 and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Pseudoalteromonas tunicata<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      DSM 14096). CEs (e.g., 18\u2010crown\u20106 or 15\u2010crown\u20105) are added to the carrier solvent of the LMJ\u2010SSP, the chemical noise is reduced, and spectra are easier to interpret.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The liquid microjunction formed at the tip of LMJ\u2010SSP was used to directly touch bacterial colonies on agar. The carrier solvent was either methanol (100%) or methanol: H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O (50:49.9%) with or without 0.01% CEs. Information\u2010theoretic measures are employed to investigate qualitative changes between spectra before and after adding CEs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our work demonstrates the capability of CEs to reduce background interferences within the direct profiling of bacterial colonies from agar plates. The data obtained from both\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>P. rubra<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      DSM6842 and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>P. tunicata<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      DSM 14096 show that CEs can be used to mitigate the salty background and improve compound detection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our approach can be implemented in natural product discovery using LMJ\u2010SSP to allow fast and accurate detection of interesting\/novel compounds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.9889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T19:41:12Z","timestamp":1724096472000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Crown ether dopant to reduce ion suppression and improve detection in the liquid microjunction surface sampling probe"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Haidy","family":"Metwally","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Theriault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Kolwich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randy","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avena C.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2783-7532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard D.","family":"Oleschuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac4038569"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b00807"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5b04188"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6b04737"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13361\u2010017\u20101776\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.7274"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1AN00725D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.1c01312"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.2c00161"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.4813"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200900303"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.6413"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.9226"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2010.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9909204"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6b01322"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp4116172"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2023.1119240"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp5079423"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.3c00426"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2022.155030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.199205281"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020\u20101693(94)04353\u2010W"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01053429"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00145a046"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097\u20100231(20000430)14:8<669::AID\u2010RCM932>3.0.CO;2\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b809471c"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.1c03913"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/a704909i"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja9823159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044\u20100305(98)00082\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044\u20100305(02)00368\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.724"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac020540+"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.1c01137"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13361\u2010016\u20101456\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b409482d"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.4271"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1044\u20100305(95)00582\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.1178"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097\u20100231(199605)10:7<797::AID\u2010RCM550>3.0.CO;2\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9MD00061E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md19090514"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmsacl.2021.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.21602"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.2c04550"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijms.2016.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2016.07.259"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2NJ05377B"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpca.0c09068"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00440a028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2020.108222"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja211021h"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9902143"}],"container-title":["Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rcm.9889","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T15:51:06Z","timestamp":1761493866000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/rcm.9889"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/rcm.9889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rcm.9889","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/RCM.9889\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/RCM.9889\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/RCM.9889\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/RCM.9889\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/RCM.9889\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0951-4198","1097-0231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-4198","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e9889"}}