{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:09:05Z","timestamp":1753870145939,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 43\u2010year\u2010old healthy male presented with left ankle septic arthritis. Surgical specimens cultured <jats:italic>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/jats:italic> (group A Streptococcus, GAS) and IV benzylpenicillin was commenced. In the setting of coryzal symptoms, a chest radiograph and nasopharyngeal swab revealed a left\u2010sided pleural effusion and influenza B infection, respectively. Persisting fevers, rising CRP, and increasing breathlessness led to repeat chest radiography showing a rapidly enlarging left\u2010sided effusion. Following intercostal catheter insertion with intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy, 6\u00a0L of haemorrhagic fluid was drained leading to defervescence and clinical improvement. At follow\u2010up 4\u2009weeks later, he was asymptomatic with a normal chest radiograph. Similar to previous reported cases of GAS empyema, this case was associated with concurrent viral respiratory tract infection, but is unusual as it arose through haematogenous seeding from an extra\u2010thoracic source. This case reminds clinicians to be aware of the strongly pyogenic nature of GAS and its significance as a potential cause of pleural infection, especially in patients with concomitant viral respiratory infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.1067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T08:51:50Z","timestamp":1669366310000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Incipient empyema as an embolic complication of group A streptococcal septic arthritis in a patient with concomitant influenza B infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jack","family":"Callum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Redcliffe Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9692-6750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darcy","family":"Hinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Redcliffe Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8992-4474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rusheng","family":"Chew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Redcliffe Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10020248"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10060776"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00542-2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002699"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-019-0787-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piy103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-224810"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23523"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.05.009"},{"issue":"1415","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Paediatric empyema in New Zealand: a tale of two cities","volume":"128","author":"Burton C","year":"2015","journal-title":"NZ Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12300"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5578\/tt.5156"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"1310","article-title":"Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome or Kawasaki disease? 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