{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,16]],"date-time":"2025-11-16T12:26:18Z","timestamp":1763295978826,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Empyema thoracis is a collection of pus in the pleural space associated with pleural fibrin deposition. Treatment involves systemic antimicrobials, pleural drainage, intrapleural enzymes and sometimes decortication. Our case is a 57\u2010year\u2010old gentleman who developed chronic mucormycosis (<jats:italic>Cunninghamella sp.<\/jats:italic>) and bacterial (<jats:italic>Enterococcus sp<\/jats:italic>.) empyema in a high\u2010risk post\u2010lobectomy space in the setting of a non\u2010expandable lung following non\u2010tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection. The patient did not tolerate antimicrobial therapy for progressive pulmonary NTM infection, and required lobectomy, complicated by polymicrobial empyema. He did not respond to systemic treatment and long\u2010term intercostal catheter drainage and therefore intrapleural taurolidine\u2010citrate, and enzyme therapy was used to help eradicate infection. Intrapleural antifungals and taurolidine\u2010citrate in combination with long\u2010term antifungal therapy may help eradicate infection in patients with fungal empyemas. Further studies investigating the safety of taurolidine\u2010citrate in pleural catheters are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.1101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T08:06:21Z","timestamp":1678262781000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Eradication of post\u2010lobectomy mucormycosis and bacterial empyema with intrapleural antimicrobial therapy in a patient with surgically resected <i>Mycobacterium xenopi<\/i> (non\u2010tuberculous Mycobacteria) pulmonary infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3877-4314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Wigston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine St John of God Midland Public and Private Hospitals  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Fiona Stanley Hospital  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine Curtin University  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Woolnough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases St John of God Midland Public and Private Hospitals  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ohide","family":"Otome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases St John of God Midland Public and Private Hospitals  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Sanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Hollywood Hospital  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Fysh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine St John of God Midland Public and Private Hospitals  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine Curtin University  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1012740"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2017.01.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1125"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2014-206291"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir865"}],"container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rcr2.1101","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/rcr2.1101","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rcr2.1101","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T11:14:50Z","timestamp":1692702890000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/rcr2.1101"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/rcr2.1101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rcr2.1101","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-3380","2051-3380"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2051-3380"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2051-3380"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-01-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e01101"}}