{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:09:10Z","timestamp":1753870150990,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the most severe clinical presentation of venous thromboembolism (VTE), which can be challenging to diagnose due to its non\u2010specific symptoms. The overlapping clinical symptoms of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) and PE may make distinguishing between the two difficult. Thus, the diagnosis of PE may be delayed or missed, with grave consequences for the patient's outcome and safety. We herein present the case of a 63\u2010year\u2010old Iranian female admitted to our hospital showing symptoms of delirium superimposed on dementia. Soon after her admission, she developed a fever and respiratory symptoms. However, overestimating the likelihood of COVID\u201019 pneumonia and attributing the patient's symptoms to this disease led to a delayed diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism, resulting in the patient's death. During the COVID\u201019 pandemic, a high index of suspicion is required for the timely diagnosis of PE, especially in patients with identifiable risk factors. This is specifically true for older patients who cannot express their symptoms due to neurocognitive disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.1121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T08:49:12Z","timestamp":1678956552000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Pulmonary embolism or <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 pneumonia? A case report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nahid","family":"Borna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric mental health research center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Niksolat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Firoozabadi Clinical and Research Development Unit Iran University of medical science  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Behnam","family":"Shariati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric mental health research center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vahid","family":"Saeedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2444-7195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leila","family":"Kamalzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric mental health research center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000233"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2017.0314"},{"issue":"46","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"816","article-title":"Pulmonary embolism: an update","volume":"18","author":"Doherty S","year":"2017","journal-title":"Australian Journal for General Practitioners"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020203557"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nmt-2021-0025"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","article-title":"Delirium in older patients with COVID\u201019 presenting to the emergency department","volume":"3","author":"Kennedy M","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open [Internet]"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afab014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2017.0314"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020201955"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa963"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","article-title":"Incidence and prognostic value of pulmonary embolism in COVID\u201019: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"17","author":"Gong X","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One [Internet]"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.04.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2045125320982720"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317519848234"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/84.1.91"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"e88","article-title":"Pulmonary thromboembolism and infarction mimicking COVID\u201019 symptoms; report of three cases","volume":"8","author":"Bozorgmehr R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.05.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.114"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23937\/2378-3656\/1410310"}],"container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rcr2.1121","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/rcr2.1121","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rcr2.1121","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T11:14:53Z","timestamp":1692702893000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/rcr2.1121"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/rcr2.1121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rcr2.1121","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-3380","2051-3380"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2051-3380"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2051-3380"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e01121"}}