{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T05:53:20Z","timestamp":1761630800916,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,27]],"date-time":"2017-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 75\u2010year\u2010old man was referred to our hospital with a 1\u2010year history of persistent dry cough and progressive dyspnoea on exertion. He was treated with aspirin due to thrombosis of internal carotid artery. He was diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IPF<\/jats:styled-content>)\/usual interstitial pneumonia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UIP<\/jats:styled-content>), and started on inhaled <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetylcysteine therapy and pirfenidone. Since his clinical condition progressively deteriorated after 6\u2009months, he was switched from pirfenidone to nintedanib. As a result, his general condition worsened rapidly. He was diagnosed with acute exacerbation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AE<\/jats:styled-content>) of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IPF<\/jats:styled-content>, and was treated with methylprednisolone pulse and recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin. Despite the administration of these treatments, he died of severe haemoptysis four days after the onset of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AE<\/jats:styled-content>. Autopsied lungs revealed significantly dark red\u2010brown appearance corresponding to diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DAH<\/jats:styled-content>) histopathogically with a background pattern of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UIP<\/jats:styled-content> with fibrotic change. Notably, there was no evidence of diffuse alveolar damage suggesting <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IPF\u2010AE<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]],"date-time":"2017-09-02T01:04:42Z","timestamp":1504314282000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Fatal diffuse alveolar haemorrhage mimicking acute exacerbation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treated with nintedanib"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3688-6782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keishi","family":"Sugino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Toho University Omori Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Toho University Omori Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muneyuki","family":"Sekiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Toho University Omori Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Toho University Omori Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazutoshi","family":"Shibuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology Toho University Omori Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sakae","family":"Homma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Toho University Omori Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI22782"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000369828"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.90637.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-012-0237-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11523-009-0106-0"}],"container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Frcr2.258","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rcr2.258","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T23:07:46Z","timestamp":1696460866000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/rcr2.258"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,27]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/rcr2.258"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rcr2.258","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-3380","2051-3380"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2051-3380"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2051-3380"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,27]]},"article-number":"e00258"}}