{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]],"date-time":"2025-08-03T04:23:30Z","timestamp":1754195010584,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]],"date-time":"2019-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Non\u2010tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) cause several infectious diseases in humans. This study reports on <jats:italic>Mycobacterium shimoidei<\/jats:italic> infection in an immunosuppressed 61\u2010year\u2010old male with a background of emphysema. His chief complaint was haemoptysis. Chest computed tomography showed a large, thin\u2010walled cavitary lesion in the upper right lobe. Although NTM were identified in two separate expectorated sputum samples, DNA\u2013DNA hybridization (DDH) failed to identify the species. <jats:italic>M. shimoidei<\/jats:italic> was finally identified using matrix\u2010assisted laser desorption\/ionization time\u2010of\u2010flight mass spectrometry (MALDI\u2010TOF MS). Following antimicrobial agent susceptibility tests, treatment with clarithromycin, levofloxacin, and ethambutol commenced. Six months post\u2010treatment, acid\u2010fast sputum culture was negative and repeat imaging demonstrated improvement of the radiographic abnormalities. This study aimed to assess the utility of MALDI\u2010TOF MS for successful identification of rare NTM species that are not identifiable by DDH. It is the first report of <jats:italic>M. shimoidei<\/jats:italic> from Okinawa, which is the only prefecture in Japan categorized as subtropical.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,18]],"date-time":"2019-04-18T01:18:50Z","timestamp":1555550330000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["<i>Mycobacterium shimoidei<\/i>, a rare non\u2010tuberculous mycobacteria pathogen identified by matrix\u2010assisted laser desorption\/ionization time\u2010of\u2010flight mass spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5587-5662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Nagano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Okinawa Chubu Hospital  Okinawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-88-2-377"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Two cases of lung infection due to Mycobacterium shimoidei, with special reference to bacteriological investigation","volume":"81","author":"Saito H","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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