{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T12:37:14Z","timestamp":1776861434962,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Paradoxical reaction (PR) after initiating anti\u2010tuberculous therapy (ATT) is a well\u2010recognized immune phenomenon. Less recognized, however, is a pulmonary reaction that is associated with miliary tuberculosis (TB), which can be a source of diagnostic confusion and progress to respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We report an elderly patient who developed PR associated with respiratory failure following ATT for miliary TB, with radiological and pathological documentation. He responded to corticosteroids, but relapsed twice when the dose was reduced. It is imperative to be familiar with this form of PR to avoid diagnostic pitfalls and initiate appropriate therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T06:11:20Z","timestamp":1603087880000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Relapsing paradoxical reaction in miliary tuberculosis: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0880-206X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah","family":"Mobeireek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nasser A.","family":"Al Shekail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Ibri Hospital  Ibri Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.2019. World Tuberculosis Report. Geneva: WHO. Available at:https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/329368\/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1(accessed 29 May 2020)."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-002-0821-2"},{"issue":"21","key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-012-0376-9","article-title":"Paradoxical reactions during treatment of tuberculosis with extrapulmonary manifestations in HIV\u2010negative patients","volume":"41","author":"Geri G","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2013.07.022","article-title":"Incidence and outcomes of paradoxical lymph node enlargement after anti\u2010tuberculosis therapy in non\u2010HIV patients","volume":"67","author":"Park KH","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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