{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T19:15:28Z","timestamp":1785525328735,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease caused by accumulation of sediment within alveoli. Cryptococcosis a fungal infection typically presenting with central nervous system (CNS) and pulmonary disease. Granulocyte\u2010macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor antibodies are associated with PAP and elevated risk of cryptococcosis. The usual interval from cryptococcal infection to the onset of PAP spans several years. Here, we describe a case of a 24\u2010year\u2010old Aboriginal Australian woman with no prior medical history, who presented with seizures from CNS cryptococcosis, and subsequently developed rapidly progressive hypoxic respiratory failure secondary to autoimmune\u2010PAP within weeks of initial presentation. The rate and degree of respiratory failure necessitated urgent bilateral whole lung lavage (WLL) whilst on venovenous\u2010extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Our report hopes to increase recognition of PAP in the Australian population, document the utility and risks of bilateral WLL in the critically unwell patient and provide an updated literature review of PAP and cryptococcal infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.70114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T04:39:52Z","timestamp":1739248792000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Rapidly Progressive Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Following Cryptococcal Infection: Case Report and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8429-7527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel Cartmel","family":"Brookes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine Royal Adelaide Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Sadler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine Royal Adelaide Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7239-3814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Troelnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology SA Pathology  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Immunology Department Royal Adelaide Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pravin","family":"Hissaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Immunology SA Pathology  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Immunology Department Royal Adelaide Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6678-1407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Vickery","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine Royal Adelaide Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phan","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine Royal Adelaide Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine Royal Adelaide Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paroma","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine Royal Adelaide Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202112\u20102742SO"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a019760"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.357"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr\u20102017\u2010222940"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31488\/EJRM.116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202526"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac146"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14637"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875\u2010022\u201001341\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2012.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699\u20100463.1961.tb00403.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM195806052582301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022\u20103476(72)80503\u20101"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis in Jamaica","volume":"31","author":"Lee M. 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