{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T05:56:49Z","timestamp":1774591009275,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Empyema originating from a retroperitoneal source is rare due to the anatomical separation between the retroperitoneal and pleural spaces. We report the case of an 81\u2010year\u2010old man who presented with pleuritic chest pain following empirical antibiotic treatment for a urinary tract infection. Imaging revealed a large retroperitoneal gas\u2010containing fluid collection and a left\u2010sided loculated pleural effusion with a small pneumothorax. Pleural and retroperitoneal collection fluid both grew\n \n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n suggestive of trans\u2010diaphragmatic spread. A large hiatal hernia, structural defects of the hemidiaphragm and a Bochdalek hernia may also have been contributing factors. The patient improved with systemic antibiotics, percutaneous drainage of both collections and intrapleural administration of low dose tPA\/DNase therapy. This case underscores the importance of considering extra\u2010thoracic (especially abdominal) sources, especially in patients with structural diaphragmatic abnormalities.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.70557","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T14:20:40Z","timestamp":1773757240000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pleural Infection as the First Presentation of a Large Retroperitoneal Abscess"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9813-9881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sugam","family":"Dhakal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, The University of Western Australia Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Fysh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, The University of Western Australia Nedlands Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Innovative Pleural Research and Department of Respiratory Medicine Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi Jin","family":"Kuok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0036-511X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y. C. Gary","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, The University of Western Australia Nedlands Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Innovative Pleural Research and Department of Respiratory Medicine Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Nedlands Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Institute for Respiratory Health Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-006-9043-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-007-0186-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09059180.00005310"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000001157"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14261"}],"container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rcr2.70557","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/rcr2.70557","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rcr2.70557","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T04:17:04Z","timestamp":1774585024000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/rcr2.70557"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/rcr2.70557"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rcr2.70557","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-3380","2051-3380"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-3380","type":"print"},{"value":"2051-3380","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70557"}}