{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T03:43:18Z","timestamp":1790739798379,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]],"date-time":"2021-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004515","name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FF\u20102020\u2010008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FF\u20102020\u2010008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004515","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tuberculous pleurisy is extra\u2010pulmonary tuberculosis caused by <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> (MTB), which is one of the main cause of pleural effusions in developing countries. Intercostal chest catheter is useful for drainage of infected pleural fluid and facilitates sepsis control. However, management might be challenging in complex tuberculous pleural effusion as the septations within the effusion hinder pleural drainage. Intrapleural fibrinolysis therapy improved infected fluid drainage and septic parameter in parapneumonic effusions; however, there seems to be little data on its use in tuberculous pleurisy. In our case series of seven patients with complex tuberculous pleurisy, the use of intrapleural alteplase and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) facilitated fluid drainage which resulted in clinical and radiological improvement. These medications should not be confined to bacterial aetiology only as our case series highlights that in complex tuberculous pleurisy, intrapleural alteplase and DNase may be used as an adjunctive treatment which are proven to be successful and safe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T08:23:36Z","timestamp":1609748616000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Intrapleural alteplase and <scp>DNase<\/scp> for complex tuberculous pleurisy: a medical approach"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2859-1055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiong Khee","family":"Cheong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Unit University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7526-361X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Faisal","family":"Abdul Hamid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Unit University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2016.05.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2011.01973.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2006.03839.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2007.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01356-2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00098-2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1817-1737.102176"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00122207"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","first-page":"196","article-title":"Resurgence of therapeutically destitute tuberculosis: amalgamation of old and newer techniques","volume":"6","author":"Dewan RK","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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