{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T02:48:11Z","timestamp":1782442091747,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Mediterraneibacter gnavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>M. gnavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is an obligately anaerobic, gram\u2010positive coccus that is a major constituent of the human gut microbiota. Although it has been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease and sporadic invasive infections in immunocompromised hosts, respiratory infections caused by\n                    <jats:italic>M. gnavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    have not been reported. We herein describe the first case of acute pleural empyema caused by\n                    <jats:italic>M. gnavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in a 78\u2010year\u2010old man with multiple comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, severe malnutrition and pre\u2010existing loculated pleural effusion. Aerobic cultures of blood and pleural fluid were negative, whereas an anaerobic culture of pleural fluid yielded bacterial growth. The organism was initially identified as\n                    <jats:italic>M. gnavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    by matrix\u2010assisted laser desorption ionisation time\u2010of\u2010flight mass spectrometry and subsequently confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The patient was successfully treated with beta\u2010lactam antibiotics and pleural drainage. This case highlights\n                    <jats:italic>M. gnavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a potential causative pathogen of pleural infections and underscores the importance of comprehensive microbiological evaluation, including anaerobic culture and advanced microbial identification techniques.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.70643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T10:16:31Z","timestamp":1780568191000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["First Case of Acute Pleural Empyema Caused by\n                    <i>Mediterraneibacter gnavus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Shirata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiko","family":"Tsuchiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuad014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2024.102818"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2024.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00542-2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(21)00327-X"}],"container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rcr2.70643","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/rcr2.70643","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rcr2.70643","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T02:40:55Z","timestamp":1782441655000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/rcr2.70643"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/rcr2.70643"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rcr2.70643","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-3380","2051-3380"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-3380","type":"print"},{"value":"2051-3380","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70643"}}