{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T03:58:27Z","timestamp":1785383907776,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chronic expanding hematoma (CEH) is a rare, indolent entity mostly linked to prior tuberculosis, thoracic surgery or trauma, with gradual long\u2010term enlargement and potentially fatal complications. We present a 73\u2010year\u2010old Nepalese male without classic predisposing risk factors, presenting with mild hemoptysis in 2017 and a large right pleural hematoma on computed tomography (CT). He declined surgical evacuation and later developed progressive hematoma expansion and subsequent life\u2010threatening hemoptysis complicated by type 2 respiratory failure and suspected bronchopleural fistula in 2025. He was deemed inoperable, failed conservative management and succumbed to nosocomial pneumonia. Post\u2010mortem histology confirmed CEH with dense fibrous tissue and organized blood clot. This case highlights early recognition and surgical intervention as critical for CEH, even in patients without antecedent thoracic insult.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.70665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T09:53:46Z","timestamp":1782813226000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chronic Expanding Hematoma Complicated by Life Threatening Hemoptysis and Respiratory Arrest\u2014A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7728-3436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony Shing\u2010yiu","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics Ruttonjee and Tang Shiu Kin Hospitals  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung Yin","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics Ruttonjee and Tang Shiu Kin Hospitals  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chor Ting","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics Ruttonjee and Tang Shiu Kin Hospitals  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi Ching","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics Ruttonjee and Tang Shiu Kin Hospitals  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying Fung","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics Ruttonjee and Tang Shiu Kin Hospitals  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judianna Suet Ying","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics Ruttonjee and Tang Shiu Kin Hospitals  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wallace Hon Cheung","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics Ruttonjee and Tang Shiu Kin Hospitals  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alwin Wai Tak","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics Ruttonjee and Tang Shiu Kin Hospitals  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1980.03310210043026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13889"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2023.108767"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"5457","article-title":"Chronic Expanding Hematoma in the Chest: A Case Report","volume":"15","author":"Sakuma T.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1976.45.4.0382"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-010-4462-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201304-0723IM"}],"container-title":["Respirology Case 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