{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T11:13:21Z","timestamp":1767093201334,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004748","name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["961176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["961176"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Incidence of <jats:italic>Mycobacterium simiae<\/jats:italic> pulmonary infection is increasing and diagnosis and treatment are challenging. We surveyed the clinical features, risk factors, diagnosis, and management in 20 patients from northeastern Iran diagnosed by line probe assay and confirmed by sequencing the <jats:italic>ITS<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>16S\u201023S<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>rRNA<\/jats:italic> region and carried out a literature review using the keywords \u201cpulmonary infection\u201d and \u201c<jats:italic>Mycobacterium simiae<\/jats:italic>.\u201d The mean age of patients was 55.1\u2009years, with 80% female and 90% diagnosed by sputum. Clinical symptoms included severe cough (90%), sputum production (70%), haemoptysis (50%), and chest pain (35%). Comorbidities included a history of tuberculosis (60%), smoking (40%), or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (20%). Patients were treated with levofloxacin, clarithromycin, and co\u2010trimoxazole. Except for two patients, the clinical symptoms improved. <jats:italic>Mycobacterium simiae<\/jats:italic> pulmonary infection is increasing in people with underlying diseases. Although choosing the most appropriate treatment remains a challenge, combining successful treatments could be useful in treating these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T11:29:53Z","timestamp":1613993393000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["<i>Mycobacterium simiae<\/i> pulmonary infection: a case series and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6357-0911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadi","family":"Lotfi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology Ghaem University Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Sankian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunobiochemistry Laboratory Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Meshkat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology Ghaem University Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Khalifeh Soltani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1966-8065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ehsan","family":"Aryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology Ghaem University Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2015.03.001"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","DOI":"10.1086\/342331"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2008.05.004"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2015.12.007"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","first-page":"383","article-title":"Development of a cost\u2010effective line probe assay for rapid detection and differentiation of Mycobacterium species: a pilot study","volume":"8","author":"Kamali Kakhki R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rep. 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