{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:38:34Z","timestamp":1790696314134,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,22]],"date-time":"2018-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Robotics Computer Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Common surgical procedures on the mitral valve of the heart include modifications to the chordae tendineae. Such interventions are used when there is extensive leaflet prolapse caused by chordae rupture or elongation. Understanding the role of individual chordae tendineae before operating could be helpful to predict whether the mitral valve will be competent at peak systole. Biomechanical modelling and simulation can achieve this goal.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> We present a method to semi\u2010automatically build a computational model of a mitral valve from micro CT (computed tomography) scans: after manually picking chordae fiducial points, the leaflets are segmented and the boundary conditions as well as the loading conditions are automatically defined. Fast finite element method (FEM) simulation is carried out using Simulation Open Framework Architecture (SOFA) to reproduce leaflet closure at peak systole. We develop three metrics to evaluate simulation results: (i) point\u2010to\u2010surface error with the ground truth reference extracted from the CT image, (ii) coaptation surface area of the leaflets and (iii) an indication of whether the simulated closed leaflets leak.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> We validate our method on three explanted porcine hearts and show that our model predicts the closed valve surface with point\u2010to\u2010surface error of approximately 1\u00a0mm, a reasonable coaptation surface area, and absence of any leak at peak systole (maximum closed pressure). We also evaluate the sensitivity of our model to changes in various parameters (tissue elasticity, mesh accuracy, and the transformation matrix used for CT scan registration). We also measure the influence of the positions of the chordae tendineae on simulation results and show that marginal chordae have a greater influence on the final shape than intermediate chordae.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> The mitral valve simulation can help the surgeon understand valve behaviour and anticipate the outcome of a procedure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.1880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,22]],"date-time":"2018-01-22T15:42:40Z","timestamp":1516635760000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Fast image\u2010based mitral valve simulation from individualized geometry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9476-0902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre\u2010Frederic","family":"Villard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LORIA University of Lorraine  Inria Nancy France"},{"name":"Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences  Cambridge MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter E.","family":"Hammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences  Cambridge MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery Boston Children's Hospital  Boston MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas P.","family":"Perrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences  Cambridge MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery Boston Children's Hospital  Boston MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro J.","family":"del Nido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery Boston Children's Hospital  Boston MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Howe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences  Cambridge MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","volume-title":"Carpentier's Reconstructive Valve Surgery E\u2010Book","author":"Carpentier A","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2007.2123"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-13711-2_13","volume-title":"Information Processing in Computer\u2010Assisted Interventions","author":"Burlina P","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.02.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2013.2272075"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-012-0620-6"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"491","article-title":"Anatomic basis for mitral valve modelling.","volume":"3","author":"Kunzelman KS","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"427","article-title":"Annular dilatation increases stress in the mitral valve and delays coaptation: a finite element computer model","volume":"5","author":"Kunzelman KS","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vascular"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(98)01100-X","article-title":"Effect of papillary muscle position on mitral valve function: relationship to homografts","volume":"66","author":"Cochran RP","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-38899-6_49"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(96)70056-9","article-title":"Dynamic three\u2010dimensional imaging of the mitral valve and left ventricle by rapid sonomicrometry array localization","volume":"112","author":"Gorman JH","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-007-0116-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00934.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-21028-0_29","volume-title":"Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart","author":"Hammer PE","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"TenenholtzNA HammerPE SchneiderRJ VasilyevNV HoweRD.On the design of an interactive patient\u2010specific surgical simulator for mitral valve repair. 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