{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T01:21:57Z","timestamp":1782350517993,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Robotics Computer Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This preclinical study emulating the clinical environment quantitatively analysed the accuracy of pedicle screw insertion using a navigated robotic system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pedicle screws were placed from T7 to L5 in the whole\u2010body form of a cadaver. After the insertion of multiple artificial markers into each vertebra, errors between the planned insertion path and the inserted screw were quantified using the Gertzbein\u2010Robbins system (GRS) and offset calculation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 22 screws were placed. Almost all (95.45% [21\/22]) were classified as GRS A or B, while one (4.55%) was GRS C. The mean and standard deviations of entry, tip, and angular offset were 1.78\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.94\u00a0mm, 2.30\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.01\u00a0mm, and 2.64\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.05\u00b0, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrated that pedicle screw insertion using a navigated robotic system had high accuracy and safety. A future clinical study is necessary to validate our findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.2442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T05:34:35Z","timestamp":1659591275000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Novel C\u2010arm\u2010based planning robotic spinal surgery in a cadaver model using quantitative accuracy assessment methodology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2768-2091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangman","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Spine and Spinal cord institute Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyung Cheol","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Spine and Spinal cord institute 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