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Whereas newts can regenerate functional joints after amputation,\n                    <jats:italic>Xenopus laevis<\/jats:italic>\n                    regenerates a cartilaginous rod without joints, a \u201cspike.\u201d Previously we reported that the reintegration mechanism between the remaining and regenerated tissues has a significant effect on regenerating joint morphogenesis during elbow joint regeneration in newt. Based on this insight into the importance of reintegration, we amputated frogs\u2019 limbs at the elbow joint and found that frogs could regenerate a functional elbow joint between the remaining tissues and regenerated spike. During regeneration, the regenerating cartilage was partially connected to the remaining articular cartilage to reform the interlocking structure of the elbow joint at the proximal end of the spike. Furthermore, the muscles of the remaining part inserted into the regenerated spike cartilage via tendons. This study might open up an avenue for analyzing molecular and cellular mechanisms of joint regeneration using\n                    <jats:italic>Xenopus<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/reg2.49","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]],"date-time":"2015-10-20T05:05:11Z","timestamp":1445317511000},"page":"26-38","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Functional joint regeneration is achieved using reintegration mechanism in\n                    <i>Xenopus laevis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Rio","family":"Tsutsumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science Kyoto University  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigehito","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University  Kyoto 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