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Cough negatively impacts quality of life and generates high costs for healthcare systems. However, the accuracy of cough frequency monitors remains unclear. This study aimed to identify tools developed to monitor cough frequency and evaluate their accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational studies involving adults, children, or infants who used cough frequency monitors were included from the Pubmed\/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases published up to 24 November 2024. Two independent reviewers performed the screening, data extraction, and quality assessment of the studies using QUADAS\u20102. Summary estimates of diagnostic accuracy were calculated with meta\u2010analysis using bivariate mixed effects regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nineteen studies were included in the review. In the 16 studies included in the meta\u2010analysis with 52,612 events, sensitivity was 89% (95% CI 0.84\u20130.93,\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      89.3%) and specificity was 99% (95% CI 0.98\u20131.00,\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      88.2%). The area under the curve (AUC) of 0.96 indicated excellent discriminative capacity. In the 11 devices and 4 applications identified, individual accuracy was &gt;\u20090.9.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The tools are accurate in distinguishing between cough and non\u2010cough sounds, but their clinical application still presents technical challenges and requires investment. Future research should improve the monitors, maintaining high accuracy but allowing for agile, cost\u2010effective assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/resp.70229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T05:15:57Z","timestamp":1773033357000},"page":"459-470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diagnostic Accuracy of Cough Frequency Monitors: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6749-2503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Lara Castro","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School (FMRP\u2010USP) University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5262-0410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larisse Sousa Reis","family":"Passafaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital das Clinicas of the Medicine School in Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4066-4448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele Oliveira","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School (FMRP\u2010USP) University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6474-6640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos Gontijo","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC) Federal University of Tocantins (UFT)  Tocantins Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0699-8313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"No\u00e9 Mitterhofer Eiterer Ponce","family":"de Leon da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Statistics and Biometrics. Graduate Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC) Federal University of Tocantins (UFT)  Tocantins Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7617-044X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janne Marques","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School (FMRP\u2010USP) University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Health\u2014Medicine and Physiotherapy University of Gurupi  Tocantins Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3442-4739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arietta","family":"Spinou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Physiotherapy School of Life Course &amp; Population Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences &amp; Medicine, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9845-3611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ada Clarice","family":"Gastaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School (FMRP\u2010USP) University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2015.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01136\u20102019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00218714"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paed.2023.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.15.1657"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2006 Summary","volume":"3","author":"Cherry D. 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