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Although there has been no previous consensus on the name of this condition for a long time, it has been named cesarean scar disorder (CSDi).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review summarizes the definition, prevalence, and etiology of CSD, as well as the pathophysiology and treatment of CSDi. We focused on surgical therapy and examined the effects and procedures of laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, and transvaginal surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The definition of CSD was proposed as an anechoic lesion with a depth of at least 2\u2009mm because of the varied prevalence, owing to the lack of consensus. CSD incidence depends on the number of times, procedure, and situation of cesarean sections. Histopathological findings in CSD are fibrosis and adenomyosis, and chronic inflammation in the uterine and pelvic cavities decreases fertility in women with CSDi. Although the surgical procedures are not standardized, laparoscopic, hysteroscopic, and transvaginal surgeries are effective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cause and pathology of CSDi are becoming clear. However, there is variability in the prevalence and treatment strategies. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further studies using the same definitions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rmb2.12532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T05:51:25Z","timestamp":1691646685000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Prevalence, definition, and etiology of cesarean scar defect and treatment of cesarean scar disorder: A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3945-6817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shunichiro","family":"Tsuji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shiga University of Medical Science  Otsu Shiga Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuri","family":"Nobuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shiga University of 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