{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T23:18:19Z","timestamp":1784675899569,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":293,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012155","name":"National Institute for Medical Research Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4002376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4002376"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Medicine &amp; Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Considering the immune\u2010related etiology of RIF, administration of an immunomodulatory approach such as autologous PBMCs seems to be helpful in modifying the dysregulated immune responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>100 RIF women were divided into the PBMC receiving and the control group. Blood sampling was conducted 48\u2009h before and 2\u2009weeks after PBMC administration. The frequency of Th17, Treg, and NK cells, the expression level of related transcription factors and miRNAs, and the concentration of inflammatory and anti\u2010inflammatory cytokines were evaluated pre\u2010 and post\u2010treatment. Pregnancy outcome including pregnancy, live birth, and miscarriage rates were also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PBMC therapy significantly elevated the frequency of Th17 and NK cells (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0035 and 0.0013, respectively) and the expression of ROR\u03b3t (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), in comparison with pre\u2010treatment, while the frequency of Treg cells (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0063) and the expression of FoxP3 and PTEN were decreased post treatment. The serum concentration of IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u201017, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 was increased, while IL\u201010 and TGF\u2010\u03b2 were reduced post\u2010treatment when compared to pre\u2010treatment. Pregnancy and live birth rates were significantly higher in the PBMC\u2010treated group in comparison with routine treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intrauterine administration of autologous PBMCs may be helpful in treating RIF patients, especially those with decreased inflammatory cells and mediators in the implantation process.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rmb2.12686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T18:21:50Z","timestamp":1761070910000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effect of Intrauterine Autologous Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (\n                    <scp>PBMCs<\/scp>\n                    ) Administration in Modulating the Immunologic Profile Aberrations in Repeated Implantation Failure (\n                    <scp>RIF<\/scp>\n                    ) Women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7822-5803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samaneh","family":"Abdolmohammadi\u2010Vahid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences  Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3960-5712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Sadegh","family":"Soltani\u2010Zangbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences  Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Aghebati\u2010Maleki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences  Tabriz Iran"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences  Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narges","family":"Nouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences  Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School P'ecs University  P'ecs Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahla","family":"Danaii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences  Tabriz Iran"},{"name":"Gynecology Department Eastern Azerbaijan ACECR, ART Center Eastern Azerbaijan, Branch of ACECR  Tabriz 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