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During oogenesis, mtDNA undergoes dramatic amplification, but the mechanisms and functional significance of this process remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in mouse oocytes using an in\u00a0vitro growth (IVG) system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Oocytes at different growth stages were analyzed for mtDNA copy number and expression of mitochondrial biogenesis genes. To assess TFAM function, siRNA targeting\n                      <jats:italic>Tfam<\/jats:italic>\n                      was microinjected into secondary follicles, which were then cultured for 12\u2009days under IVG conditions. Following culture, oocyte growth, mtDNA content, mitochondrial membrane potential, and developmental competence after in\u00a0vitro fertilization (IVF) were evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>mtDNA copy number increased nonlinearly during oocyte growth, with a pronounced rise at the secondary follicle stage accompanied by TFAM upregulation. TFAM knockdown reduced mtDNA copy number and mitochondrial function without affecting oocyte size or meiotic maturation, but significantly decreased blastocyst formation and total cell numbers per blastocyst.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TFAM\u2010mediated mtDNA replication is crucial for mitochondrial function and developmental competence of IVG\u2010derived oocytes, underscoring its importance in early embryonic development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rmb2.70031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T20:00:39Z","timestamp":1773000039000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<scp>TFAM<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Mediated\n                    <scp>mtDNA<\/scp>\n                    Replication is Essential for Developmental Competence of In\u00a0Vitro Grown Oocytes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2719-818X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Son Quang","family":"Do","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology Okayama University  Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9828-9786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidetaka","family":"Tasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology Okayama University  Okayama Japan"},{"name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Center Okayama University  Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Funahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology Okayama University  Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Wakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology Okayama University  Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2012.05.013"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"622","article-title":"From Primordial Germ Cell to Primordial Follicle: Mammalian Female Germ Cell Development","volume":"44","author":"Pepling M. 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