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All three hCoVs are members of the <jats:italic>Betacoronavirus<\/jats:italic> genus in the subfamily <jats:italic>Orthocoronavirinae<\/jats:italic> and share many similarities in virology and epidemiology. However, the pattern and scale of Covid\u201019 global spread is similar to 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza (H1N1pdm09), rather than SARS or MERS. Covid\u201019 exhibits high viral shedding in the upper respiratory tract at an early stage of infection, and has a high proportion of transmission competent individuals that are pre\u2010symptomatic, asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic, characteristics seen in H1N1pdm09 but not in SARS or MERS. These two traits of Covid\u201019 and H1N1pdm09 result in reduced efficiency in identification of transmission sources by symptomatic screening and play important roles in their ability to spread unchecked to cause pandemics. 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