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Both human lncRNAs and lncRNAs encoded by viruses can modulate the expression of host genes which are critical for viral replication, latency, activation of signalling pathways, cytokine and chemokine production, RNAi processing, expression of interferons (IFNs) and interferon\u2010stimulated genes (ISGs). Studies on lncRNAs as key regulators of host\u2010virus interactions may give new insights into therapeutic strategies for the treatment of related diseases. 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