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ABO blood groups are anthropological and genetic characteristics of a population whose associations with HIV infection are still controversial. This systematic review with meta\u2010analysis was undertaken to investigate whether certain blood groups may have associations with HIV infection. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were systematically searched as of 6 September 2021. Grey literature was identified through screening Google Scholar, and reference lists of relevant studies. All observational studies providing data on ABO blood group distribution among HIV\u2010infected and uninfected participants were included. Using a random effect model, risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to quantify this relationship. Fifty eligible studies with a total of 3,068,244 participants and 6508 HIV\u2010infected cases were included. The overall analysis found that blood group AB increased the risk of HIV infection by 19% as compared with non\u2010AB blood groups (RR\u00a0=\u00a01.19, 95% CI: 1.03\u20131.39,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02). Pooled estimates for other blood groups failed to reach statistical significance. Subgroup analyses identified a positive relationship between AB blood group and HIV infection within Asia, patient populations (as opposed to blood donors and general populations), studies with lower sample sizes, high\u2010income countries and studies with a moderate quality score. The sequential omission and re\u2010analysis of studies within sensitivity analyses produced no change in the overall pooled effect. In conclusion, this study identified that blood group AB carriers were more susceptible to HIV infection. Future investigations should be directed toward clarification of the exact role of ABO blood groups in HIV infection and the possible underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T11:13:29Z","timestamp":1633000409000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["ABO blood groups and risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Noori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pourya","family":"Shokri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8692-9720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Aria","family":"Nejadghaderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Systematic Review and Meta\u2010analysis Expert Group (SRMEG) Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeid","family":"Golmohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Carson\u2010Chahhoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Precision Health University of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola Luigi","family":"Bragazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Disease Modelling York University Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalil","family":"Ansarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0178-3732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali\u2010Asghar","family":"Kolahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0103-7596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahnam","family":"Arshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7986-9072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeid","family":"Safiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"},{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(19)30196-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"e2261","article-title":"The effects of orally administered lactoferrin in the prevention and management of viral infections: a systematic review","volume":"28","author":"Sinopoli A","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2020-003176"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","unstructured":"Estimated number of people (all ages) living with HIV. 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