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Although antibodies can mediate a variety of effects that include modulation of inflammation, the demonstration of viral clearance provides an accessible and measurable parameter that can be used to evaluate efficacy and determine dosing. Therefore, it is important to ascertain the ability of monoclonal antibodies and convalescent plasma to effect viral clearance. For COVID\u201019, which is caused by the respiratory virus SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, the most common assay to assess viral clearance is via a nasopharyngeal swab (NPS). However, assessment of antibody efficacy by sampling this site may be misleading because it may not be as accessible to serum antibodies as respiratory secretions or circulating blood. Adding to the complexity of assessing the efficacy of administered antibody, particularly in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that enroled patients at different times after the onset of COVID\u201019 symptoms, viral clearance may also be mediated by endogenous antibody. In this article we critically review available data on viral clearance in RCTs, matched control studies, case series and case reports of antibody therapies in an attempt to identify variables that contribute to antibody efficacy and suggest optimal strategies for future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T19:34:20Z","timestamp":1638560060000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Is SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 viral clearance in nasopharyngeal swabs an appropriate surrogate marker for clinical efficacy of neutralising antibody\u2010based therapeutics?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8811-195X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Focosi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"North\u2010Western Tuscany Blood Bank Pisa University Hospital  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