{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T17:25:57Z","timestamp":1781803557560,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":136,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,8]],"date-time":"2022-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reviews in Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is an infectious virus affecting all age groups of people around the world. It is one of the major aetiologic agents for HFMD (hand, foot and mouth disease) identified globally. It has led to many outbreaks and epidemics in Asian countries. Infection caused by this virus that can lead to serious psychological problems, heart diseases and respiratory issues in children younger than 10\u00a0years of age. Many studies are being carried out on the pathogenesis of the virus, but little is known. The host immune response and other molecular responses against the virus are also not clearly determined. This review deals with the interaction between the host and the EV71 virus. We discuss how the virus makes use of its proteins to affect the host\u2019s immunity and how the viral proteins help their replication. Additionally, we describe other useful resources that enable the virus to evade the host\u2019s immune responses. The knowledge of the viral structure and its interactions with host cells has led to the discovery of various drug targets for the treatment of the virus. Additionally, this review focusses on the antiviral drugs and vaccines developed by targeting various viral surface molecules during their infectious period. Furthermore, it is asserted that the improvement of prevailing vaccines will be the simplest method to manage EV71 infection swiftly. Therefore, we summarise numerous vaccines candidate for the EV71, such as the use of an inactivated complete virus, recombinant VP1 protein, artificial peptides, VLPs (viral\u2010like particles) and live attenuated vaccines for combating the viral outbreaks promptly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,8]],"date-time":"2022-01-08T09:30:56Z","timestamp":1641634256000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Does enterovirus 71 urge for effective vaccine control strategies? Challenges and current opinion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9173-1727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subrat Kumar","family":"Swain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Genomics and Biomedical Informatics IMS and SUM Hospital Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan (Deemed to be University)  Bhubaneswar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayushman","family":"Gadnayak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Genomics and Biomedical Informatics IMS and SUM Hospital Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan (Deemed to be University)  Bhubaneswar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jatindra Nath","family":"Mohanty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Genomics and Biomedical Informatics IMS and SUM Hospital Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan (Deemed to be University)  Bhubaneswar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachita","family":"Sarangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics IMS and SUM Hospital Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan University (Deemed to be University)  Bhubaneswar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayashankar","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Genomics and Biomedical Informatics IMS and SUM Hospital Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan (Deemed to be University)  Bhubaneswar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2319-7250.173150"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001242"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v7122947"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/511073"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.09.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2002.tb03292.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v7112920"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-74-5-845"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.03.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002067"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100545"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1702(99)00019-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01019-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v7122947"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.16.1.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)92038-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/inf.1975.7.issue-3.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V38N2p106"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00007-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1810.120813"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2017.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(98)00087-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318454"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/129.3.304"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01317504"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01314873"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.03.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002067"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100545"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909233411301"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_32_1","first-page":"199","article-title":"Enterovirus 71 outbreak in Western Australia associated with acute flaccid paralysis. Preliminary report","volume":"23","author":"McMinn P","year":"1999","journal-title":"Commun Dis Intell"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2002.tb02743.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02476-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1311.070632"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1501.080264"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2010.53.5.616"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_38_1","first-page":"839","article-title":"Enteroviruses: polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and newer enteroviruses","author":"Pallansch MA","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fields Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70194-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001476"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00236-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001174"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280490521032"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-417"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/345905"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis446"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-0965-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/376998"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421021"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1702(95)00087-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1320624111"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00601.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01019-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn901"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090624"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2014.897617"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.28397"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049973"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.7.4460-4469.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1423-0127-21-31"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61049-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0057591"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1217563110"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02470-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079599"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.03.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069858"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature756"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02476-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05063-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.69.3.1903-1906.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.69.6.3873-3877.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.950050609"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1995.1450"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90688-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00886"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90689-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08830185.2010.529976"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v7122961"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031023"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003231"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00447-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6807-8-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2014.0066"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1423-0127-16-103"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05063-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02712-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06687-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02491-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr682"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01855-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2010.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1322691111"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2010.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v3060920"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2012.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000430303"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00083"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.12565"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mtna.2016.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2016.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102997"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2010.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90485-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4344"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.12490"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.21739"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.2014.935330"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079783"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2014.897617"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079599"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01798-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02856-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-0556-5-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.01.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1754.2000.00514.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024071514438"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i6.921"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.01.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_121_1","volume-title":"Supplementary Information on Vaccine Safety. Part 2: Background Rates of Adverse Events Following Immunization","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-0556-5-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2006.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003692"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.12.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2007.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.08.080"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(01)00385-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.7457"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.10.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165659"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-25281-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-0389-5_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.10.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_136_1","volume-title":"Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12568"}],"container-title":["Reviews in Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rmv.2322","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/rmv.2322","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rmv.2322","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]],"date-time":"2024-03-29T05:35:39Z","timestamp":1711690539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/rmv.2322"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,8]]},"references-count":136,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/rmv.2322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rmv.2322","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1052-9276","1099-1654"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1052-9276","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1654","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2322"}}