{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T15:22:42Z","timestamp":1793805762929,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":232,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reviews in Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Varicella\u2010zoster virus (VZV), classified as a neurotropic member of the Herpesviridae family, exhibits a characteristic pathogenicity, predominantly inducing varicella, commonly known as chickenpox, during the initial infectious phase, and triggering the reactivation of herpes zoster, more commonly recognized as shingles, following its emergence from a latent state. The pathogenesis of VZV\u2010associated neuroinflammation involves a complex interplay between viral replication within sensory ganglia and immune\u2010mediated responses that contribute to tissue damage and dysfunction. Upon primary infection, VZV gains access to sensory ganglia, establishing latent infection within neurons. During reactivation, the virus can spread along sensory nerves, triggering a cascade of inflammatory mediators, chemokines, and immune cell infiltration in the affected neural tissues. The role of both adaptive and innate immune reactions, including the contributions of T and B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, in orchestrating the immune\u2010mediated damage in the central nervous system is elucidated. Furthermore, the aberrant activation of the natural defence mechanism, characterised by the dysregulated production of immunomodulatory proteins and chemokines, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of VZV\u2010induced neurological disorders, such as encephalitis, myelitis, and vasculopathy. The intricate balance between protective and detrimental immune responses in the context of VZV infection emphasises the necessity for an exhaustive comprehension of the immunopathogenic mechanisms propelling neuroinflammatory processes. Despite the availability of vaccines and antiviral therapies, VZV\u2010related neurological complications remain a significant concern, particularly in immunocompromised individuals and the elderly. Elucidating these mechanisms might facilitate the emergence of innovative immunomodulatory strategies and targeted therapies aimed at mitigating VZV\u2010induced neuroinflammatory damage and improving clinical outcomes. This comprehensive understanding enhances our grasp of viral pathogenesis and holds promise for pioneering therapeutic strategies designed to mitigate the neurological ramifications of VZV infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T02:11:48Z","timestamp":1718158308000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Varicella\u2010zoster virus\u2010related neurological complications: From infection to immunomodulatory therapies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1747-1277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed Ageeli","family":"Hakami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences Al\u2010Quwayiyah Shaqra University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhan R.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences Al\u2010Quwayiyah Shaqra University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osama","family":"Abdulaziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department College of Applied Medical Sciences Taif University  Taif Makkah Province Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid","family":"Alshaghdali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences University of Hail  Hail Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Hazazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Security Forces Hospital Program  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"College of Medicine Alfaisal University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awad F.","family":"Aleissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Security Forces Hospital Program  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adil","family":"Abalkhail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health College of Public Health and Health Informatics Qassim University  Buraydah Qassim Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bader S.","family":"Alotaibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences Al\u2010Quwayiyah Shaqra University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulfattah Yahya M.","family":"Alhazmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Practices Department College of Pharmacy Umm Al\u2010Qura University  Makkah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neelima","family":"Kukreti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graphic Era Hill University, Clement Town  Dehradun India"},{"name":"Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town  Dehradun India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0186-7601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulkarim S.","family":"Binshaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University  Al\u2010Kharj Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000031588"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974\u2010018\u20101360\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26041132"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad306"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/jad\u2010220287"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2021.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17235\/reed.2022.9121\/2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0037\u20108682\u20100290\u20102020"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022\u2010510x(02)00021\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/342963"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5070\/d3213022994"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/qco.0000000000000922"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311\u2010016\u20100430\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0000000000001459"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0000000000005305"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365\u2010020\u201000857\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000027856"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.1038"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/wco.0000000000000092"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.04.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/qco.0000000000000647"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11477\/mf.1416202205"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.15048"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2021.104936"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa185"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474\u20104422(09)70134\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2018.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010\u2010021\u201001714\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2019.1573261"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.11583"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/med\u20102023\u20100744"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2013.09.2703"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac390"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0733\u20108635(01)00012\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","first-page":"95","article-title":"Varicella\u2010zoster virus infection: natural history, clinical manifestations, immunity and current and future vaccination strategies","volume":"41","author":"Freer G","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2020.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2018.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2022.2028292"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2020.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.5540861204"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.29182"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children8100845"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2224-4336.2014.10.02"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1622_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365\u2010021\u201000952\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12974\/2311\u20108687.2023.11.09"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u2010981\u201010\u20107230\u20107_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2021.1908593"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010013\u20106883\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010013\u20107057\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.45.12_suppl_8.s18"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13730\u2010021\u201000576\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2014.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u2010065x.1996.tb00915.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/1275"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2455"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201747079"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_59_1","unstructured":"KumarSP ShenaiKP ChatraL KCD AhmedA.Varicella zoster virus\u2010its pathogenesis latency and cell\u2010mediated immunity. Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology Journal.\u00a02013;4(2)."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514259"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy407"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365\u2010014\u20100259\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365\u2010011\u20100075\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1121714"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab254"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy407"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v10070349"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14112517"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016870"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016870"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2018.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ZhuH ZhengC XingJ et al.:Varicella zoster virus immediate early protein ORF 61 abrogated 1 IRF 3\u2010mediated innate immune response through degradation of activated IRF 3 2 3.2011.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05098-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1274"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2018.1483519"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2021109217"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mop.0000000000000827"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2022.2139921"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/82_2022_254"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000446"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1473\u20103099(19)30163\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy095"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2019.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28336"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000504484"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2022.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10122155"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14050973"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1217984"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14293\/S2199\u20101006.1.SOR\u2010.PPZK5EG.v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041\u2010021\u201000826\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883\u2010021\u201002527\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2022.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12250\u2010019\u201000134\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01887\u201001818"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593\u2010020\u201000770\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.661935"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593\u2010022\u201001063\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010017\u201017765\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.943587"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41525\u2010021\u201000249\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.80775"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202101574RR"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14431"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000937"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974\u2010022\u201002658\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/nxi.0000000000000216"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974\u2010017\u20100789\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23788"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/nxi.0000000000000246"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c00588"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883\u2010009\u20100021\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974\u2010014\u20100146\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1037812"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11817\/j.issn.1672\u20107347.2022.210725"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2021.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14821"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009689"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/nxi.0000000000000475"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.45.12_suppl_8.s54"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"OnozawaM HashinoS HaseyamaY et al.:Incidence and risk of postherpetic neuralgia after varicella zoster virus infection in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients: Hokkaido Hematology Study Group Running title: PHN after VZV infection in HCT recipients.2009.","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V112.11.1152.1152"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277\u2010020\u201003972\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a\u20102053\u20103241"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.14906"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/82_2021_240"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2014.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir243"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.34158"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365\u2010017\u20100569\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0902533"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2023.106031"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268801005891"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2010.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0895\u20104356(98)00030\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5692\/clinicalneurol.cn\u2010000809"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v12060643"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072\u2010021\u201005633\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1574887116666211118141117"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2013.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2015.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5070\/d3213022343"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.22639"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.25375"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5626670"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37201\/req\/033.2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.8581\u201021"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13337\u2010021\u201000718\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.1985890"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.03.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20104362.1996.tb03673.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_153_1","first-page":"299","article-title":"Post\u2010varicella Guillain Barre syndrome","volume":"7","author":"Hamad AI","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883\u2010023\u201003185\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096\u2010018\u20103199\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15081663"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022\u2010202x.2001.00041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/655137"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14122667"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ms9.0000000000001370"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14253\/acn.2017.19.1.50"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41983\u2010022\u201000515\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58010110"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr\u20102021\u2010245816"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15102042"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232314537"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm376"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14728214.2011.591786"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci148546"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20101\u20100716\u20103239\u20100_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14020192"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1473\u20103099(19)30310\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1473\u20103099(22)00320\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365\u2010011\u20100069\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glz085"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy420"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.12.7673\u20107676.1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17040476"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201331"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2019.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco\u20102022\u2010001044"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2019.1662787"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i8.1030"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.2015.28.3.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511545313.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011503.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/095632020401500503"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.940511"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26041132"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_14_191_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Varicella zoster virus: natural history and current therapies of varicella and herpes zoster","volume":"14","author":"Breuer J","year":"2007","journal-title":"Herpesviridae"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2810269"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01151\u201018"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241210115"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2812362"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232214394"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.1026449"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578\u2010023\u201001122\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_199_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29081898"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_200_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.02561\u201012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_201_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401\u2010023\u201001153\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_202_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109942"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_203_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202304654"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_204_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c04916"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_205_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.5851"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_206_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.922178"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_207_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm\u201022\u20101746"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_208_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094853"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_209_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.59730"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_210_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9110610"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_211_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.6736"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_212_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.925701"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_213_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2023.2275148"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_214_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3129\/i09\u2010126"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_215_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/82_2021_245"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_216_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/itt.s176383"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_217_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/e537722009\u2010001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_218_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12250\u2010014\u20103516\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_219_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202305378"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_220_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2051013613515621"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_221_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41417\u2010018\u20100016\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_222_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.2020.33.3.201"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_223_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/cbsystems.0034"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_224_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/cbsystems.0026"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_225_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v10110609"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_226_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742\u20102094\u201011\u201019"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_227_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15111"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_228_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13835"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_229_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/2022\/9759265"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_230_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy403"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_231_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000035391"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_232_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ccid.s391360"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_233_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346\u20108138.16582"}],"container-title":["Reviews in Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/rmv.2554","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,27]],"date-time":"2024-07-27T18:44:37Z","timestamp":1722105877000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/rmv.2554"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"references-count":232,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/rmv.2554"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rmv.2554","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1052-9276","1099-1654"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1052-9276","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1654","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2554"}}