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Eight human ALCs obtained during phacoemulsification from patients with senile cataracts (72 \u00b1 13 years) were investigated in both the hydrated and dehydrated conditions. The cataract group showed clearly the proliferated lens epithelial cells (LECs) with a monomorphic cell structure, a diameter of 12.54 \u00b1 4.31 \u03bcm, and a height of 0.23 \u00b1 0.04 \u03bcm, whereas the control group showed no LECs. A substantial amount of false\u2010positive calcification was observed caused by the deposition of remnants of dried salt solution. Cataract group showed significantly higher surface roughness (382.06 nm, p \u2264 0.001) than control group in the anterior side of ALCs, whereas cataract group showed significantly lower surface roughness (353.79 nm, p \u2264 0.001) than control group in their posterior side. Cataract group showed significantly higher Young's modulus (69.52 kPa, p \u2264 0.001) compared to the control group, regardless of the ALC side. Therefore, it is significant that this study provides a new method to examine the nanostructural characteristic and biomechanical property of human ALCs through a nanometer\u2010scale resolution microscopy technique. 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